Evidence-based Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Edited by John W.D. McDonald, Professor of Medicine, Robarts Clinical Trials, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada. Brian G. Feagan, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Robarts Clinical Trials, Robarts Research Unit, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada. Rajiv Jalan, Professor of Hepatology and Head, Liver Failure Group, University College London, London, UK. Peter J. Kahrilas, Professor of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

• Contributors xiPreface xixPart I Gastrointestinal disorders1 Gastroesophageal reflux disease 3Sabine Roman and Peter J. Kahrilas2 Barrett’s esophagus 21Anh D. Nguyen, Stuart J. Spechler, and Kerry B. Dunbar3 Esophageal motility disorders 35Gabriel Lang, C. Prakash Gyawali, and Peter J. Kahrilas4 Eosinophilic esophagitis 50Craig C. Reed and Evan S. Dellon5 Ulcer disease and Helicobacter pylori infection: current treatment 68Naoki Chiba6 Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-gastropathy and enteropathy 86Moe H. Kyaw, Alaa Rostom, Katherine Muir, Catherine Dube, Emilie Jolicoeur, Michel Boucher, Peter Tugwell, George Wells, and Francis K.L. Chan7 Acute non-variceal gastrointestinal hemorrhage: treatment 110Kathryn Oakland and Vipul Jairath8 Functional dyspepsia 127Sander Veldhuyzen van Zanten9 Celiac disease: diagnosis, screening, and prognosis 139Adam S. Faye and Benjamin Lebwohl10 Therapy for Crohn’s disease 150Reena Khanna, Barrett G. Levesque, John W.D. McDonald, and Brian G. Feagan11 Ulcerative colitis 173Vipul Jairath, John W.D. McDonald, and Brian G. Feagan12 Pouchitis after restorative proctocolectomy 187Mathurin Fumery, Siddharth Singh, Darrell S. Pardi, and William J. Sandborn13 Microscopic colitis: collagenous and lymphocytic colitis 196Johan Bohr, Fernando Fernandez-Banares, and Ole K. Bonderup14 Drug-induced diarrhea 208Bincy P. Abraham, and Joseph H. Sellin15 Prevention and treatment of travelers’ diarrhea 225David R. Tribble16 Metabolic bone disease in gastrointestinal disorders 240Herman Bami, Arthur N. Lau, and Jonathan D. Adachi17 Colorectal cancer in ulcerative colitis: surveillance 258Paul Collins, Bret A. Lashner, and Alastair J.M. Watson18 Colorectal cancer: population screening and surveillance 271Catherine Dube and Linda Rabeneck19 Clostridium difficile infections: epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment 284Lynne V. McFarland, Christina M. Surawicz, and Stephen M. Vindigni20 Irritable bowel syndrome 306Alexander C. Ford21 Intestinal pseudo-obstruction (Ogilvie’s syndrome) 332Meihuan Chang and Alexander G. Heriot22 Gallstone disease 342Kurinchi S. Gurusamy and Brian R. Davidson23 Acute pancreatitis 353Kurinchi S. Gurusamy and Brian R. DavidsonPart II Liver disease24 Acute-on-chronic liver failure: diagnosis prognosis and treatment 363Jane Macnaughtan25 Acute liver failure: prognosis and management 374Jennifer Price, Brian J. Hogan, and Banwari Agarwal26 Infection in cirrhosis 384Elisa Brauns and Thierry Gustot27 Liver biopsy 395Benjamin H. Mullish, Naveenta Kumar, Robert D. Goldin, and Pinelopi Manousou28 Pregnancy and liver disease 408J.J. King and R.H. Westbrook29 Cholangiocarcinoma 425Peter L. Labib, Giuseppe K. Fusai, and Stephen P. Pereira30 Noninvasive tests of liver fibrosis 445Laurent Castera31 Hepatitis C: treatment 454Mary D. Cannon Kosh Agarwal and Geoffrey Dusheiko32 Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection: in special situations 470Eleni Koukoulioti and Thomas Berg33 Hepatitis B: prognosis and treatment 490Apostolos Koffas, Upkar Gill, and Patrick Kennedy34 Alcoholic liver disease 503Meritxell Ventura-Cots, Nambi Ndugga, and Ramon Bataller35 Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease 523Marie Boyle and Quentin M. Anstee36 Hemochromatosis 547Gary P. Jeffrey and Paul C. Adams37 Wilson’s disease 554Claire Kelly, Aftab Ala, and Michael L. Schilsky38 Primary biliary cholangitis (formerly primary biliary cirrhosis) 574Palak J. Trivedi and Gideon M. Hirschfield39 Autoimmune hepatitis 592Martha M. Kirstein, Arndt Vogel, and Michael P. Manns40 Primary sclerosing cholangitis 602Mette Vesterhus and Tom H. Karlsen41 Variceal bleeding 619Damien Leith and Rajeshwar P. Mookerjee42 Hepatic venous outflow syndromes and splanchnic venous thrombosis 645Laure Elkrief and Dominique Valla43 Ascites hyponatremia spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and hepatorenal syndrome 662Salvatore Piano, Marta Tonon, and Paolo Angeli44 Hepatic encephalopathy: classification diagnosis and treatment 676Radha K. Dhiman and Sahaj Rathi45 Hepatocellular carcinoma: diagnosis and prognosis 693Massimo Colombo and Massimo Iavarone46 Hepatocellular carcinoma: treatment 703Alexa Childs and Tim Meyer47 Drug-induced liver disease: mechanism and diagnosis 715Camilla Stephens, M. Isabel Lucena and Raul J. Andrade48 Liver transplantation: prevention and treatment of rejection 729Francois Durand and Claire Francoz49 Liver transplantation: prevention and treatment of infection 744Marta Bodro, Javier Fernandez, and Asuncion Moreno50 Management of HCV infection after liver transplantation 753Audrey Coilly, Bruno Roche, and Didier SamuelIndex 765