Josef Trappel is Professor of Media Policy and Media Economics in the Department of Communication Studies at the University of Salzburg, Austria.Jeanette Steemers is Professor of Media and Communications in the Faculty of Media Arts and Design at the University of Westminster, UK.Barbara Thomass is Professor of International Comparison of Media Systems at the Institute for Media Studies at the Ruhr University Bochum, Germany.

• Foreword Denis McQuail Introduction Josef Trappel, Jeanette Steemers and Barbara Thomass Part 1: European Media in Crisis: Problems, Perspectives and Definitions 1. What Media Crisis? Normative Starting Points Barbara Thomass, Hannu Nieminen, Josef Trappel and Werner A. Meier 2. Systemic Media Changes and Social and Political Polarization in Europe Auksė Balčytienė and Kristina Juraitė Part 2: Media Industry Crises and Transformations 3. European Communication and Information Industries in Times of Crisis: Continuities and Transformations Laura Bergés and Stelios Papathanassopoulos 4. Broadcasting is Dead. Long Live Television: Perspectives from Europe Jeanette Steemers 5. Crisis of the Commercial Media Josef Trappel, Laura Bergés and Elena Vartanova Part 3: Crisis in Journalism Values, Public Communication and Representation 6. Safeguarding Newsroom Autonomy: Tensions Between the Ideal and the Actual Karin Raeymaeckers, Elena Vartanova and Auksė Balčytienė 7. Crisis of the News: The Framing of the Euro Crisis and the ‘Greek Problem’ Leen d’Haenens, Willem Joris and Stylianos Papathanassopoulos 8. Gender and Media in Times of Crises Karen Ross and Claudia Padovani 9. A Crisis in Political Communication? Stylianos Papathanassopoulos and Ralph Negrine Part 4: Looking to the Future: Policy Perspectives 10. Challenges and Confusion in Media Regulation: A Four Country Comparison Hannu Nieminen, Claudia Padovani, Helena Sousa and Alessandro D’Arma 11. Renewing the Public Service Media Remit Leen d’Haenens, Hallvard Moe and Barbara Thomass 12. Can Civil Society Mitigate Consequences of Crises? Anker Brink Lund Conclusions 13. Grappling with Post-Democracy: Media Policy Options Werner A. Meier and Josef Trappel

Josef Trappel is Professor of Media Policy and Media Economics in the Department of Communication Studies at the University of Salzburg, Austria.Jeanette Steemers is Professor of Media and Communications in the Faculty of Media Arts and Design at the University of Westminster, UK.Barbara Thomass is Professor of International Comparison of Media Systems at the Institute for Media Studies at the Ruhr University Bochum, Germany.

• Foreword Denis McQuail Introduction Josef Trappel, Jeanette Steemers and Barbara Thomass Part 1: European Media in Crisis: Problems, Perspectives and Definitions 1. What Media Crisis? Normative Starting Points Barbara Thomass, Hannu Nieminen, Josef Trappel and Werner A. Meier 2. Systemic Media Changes and Social and Political Polarization in Europe Auksė Balčytienė and Kristina Juraitė Part 2: Media Industry Crises and Transformations 3. European Communication and Information Industries in Times of Crisis: Continuities and Transformations Laura Bergés and Stelios Papathanassopoulos 4. Broadcasting is Dead. Long Live Television: Perspectives from Europe Jeanette Steemers 5. Crisis of the Commercial Media Josef Trappel, Laura Bergés and Elena Vartanova Part 3: Crisis in Journalism Values, Public Communication and Representation 6. Safeguarding Newsroom Autonomy: Tensions Between the Ideal and the Actual Karin Raeymaeckers, Elena Vartanova and Auksė Balčytienė 7. Crisis of the News: The Framing of the Euro Crisis and the ‘Greek Problem’ Leen d’Haenens, Willem Joris and Stylianos Papathanassopoulos 8. Gender and Media in Times of Crises Karen Ross and Claudia Padovani 9. A Crisis in Political Communication? Stylianos Papathanassopoulos and Ralph Negrine Part 4: Looking to the Future: Policy Perspectives 10. Challenges and Confusion in Media Regulation: A Four Country Comparison Hannu Nieminen, Claudia Padovani, Helena Sousa and Alessandro D’Arma 11. Renewing the Public Service Media Remit Leen d’Haenens, Hallvard Moe and Barbara Thomass 12. Can Civil Society Mitigate Consequences of Crises? Anker Brink Lund Conclusions 13. Grappling with Post-Democracy: Media Policy Options Werner A. Meier and Josef Trappel

Josef Trappel is Professor of Media Policy and Media Economics in the Department of Communication Studies at the University of Salzburg, Austria.Jeanette Steemers is Professor of Media and Communications in the Faculty of Media Arts and Design at the University of Westminster, UK.Barbara Thomass is Professor of International Comparison of Media Systems at the Institute for Media Studies at the Ruhr University Bochum, Germany.

• Foreword Denis McQuail Introduction Josef Trappel, Jeanette Steemers and Barbara Thomass Part 1: European Media in Crisis: Problems, Perspectives and Definitions 1. What Media Crisis? Normative Starting Points Barbara Thomass, Hannu Nieminen, Josef Trappel and Werner A. Meier 2. Systemic Media Changes and Social and Political Polarization in Europe Auksė Balčytienė and Kristina Juraitė Part 2: Media Industry Crises and Transformations 3. European Communication and Information Industries in Times of Crisis: Continuities and Transformations Laura Bergés and Stelios Papathanassopoulos 4. Broadcasting is Dead. Long Live Television: Perspectives from Europe Jeanette Steemers 5. Crisis of the Commercial Media Josef Trappel, Laura Bergés and Elena Vartanova Part 3: Crisis in Journalism Values, Public Communication and Representation 6. Safeguarding Newsroom Autonomy: Tensions Between the Ideal and the Actual Karin Raeymaeckers, Elena Vartanova and Auksė Balčytienė 7. Crisis of the News: The Framing of the Euro Crisis and the ‘Greek Problem’ Leen d’Haenens, Willem Joris and Stylianos Papathanassopoulos 8. Gender and Media in Times of Crises Karen Ross and Claudia Padovani 9. A Crisis in Political Communication? Stylianos Papathanassopoulos and Ralph Negrine Part 4: Looking to the Future: Policy Perspectives 10. Challenges and Confusion in Media Regulation: A Four Country Comparison Hannu Nieminen, Claudia Padovani, Helena Sousa and Alessandro D’Arma 11. Renewing the Public Service Media Remit Leen d’Haenens, Hallvard Moe and Barbara Thomass 12. Can Civil Society Mitigate Consequences of Crises? Anker Brink Lund Conclusions 13. Grappling with Post-Democracy: Media Policy Options Werner A. Meier and Josef Trappel