Dr Peter Clark is Professor of European Urban History at the University of Helsinki, Finland.

• Contents: Preface; Introduction, Peter Clark and Jussi S. Jauhiainen; London and green space, 1850-2000: an introduction, David A. Reeder; The social construction of green space in London prior to the Second World War, David A. Reeder; Politics, ideology and the issue of open space in London, 1939-2000, Patricia L. Garside; Stockholm and green space, 1850-2000: an introduction, Lars Nilsson; Stockholm's urban parks: meeting places and social contexts from 1860 to 1930, Catharina Nolin; The social park: Stockholm 1900-39, Mats Deland; The Stockholm style: a model for the building of the city in parks, 1930s-1960s, Lars Nilsson (with Stuart Burch); The formation of national urban parks: a Nordic contribution to sustainable development?, Peter Schantz; Helsinki and green space, 1850-2000: an introduction, Peter Clark and Marjatta Hietala; The role of nature in the city: green space in Helsinki, 1917-60, Katri Lento; Politicians, professionals and 'publics': conflicts over green space in Helsinki, c.1950-2000, Marjaana Niemi; The seasonality of green space: the case of Uutela, Helsinki, c. 2000, Niko Lipsanen; St Petersburg and green space 1850-2000: an introduction, Boris Anan'ich and Alexander Kobak; St Petersburg's parks and gardens, 1850-1917, Konstantin Semenov; Red parks: green space in Leningrad, 1917-90, Alexei Kitaev; Index.

'This is a pioneering work for urban historians. It boldly places the history of green open space in European cities at the centre of the historical narrative in a way that has not been done before... Clark has assembled an excellent team of established scholars and young researchers on each city... this is a valuable, pioneering volume on a subject which historians need, more and more, to address. It will be invaluable for students and should be in every university library.' Urban History ’This book [...] makes an important contribution to our understanding not only of green-space developments in each capital, but also of the international influences and links between four major cities.’ Landscape History ’... this is a richly informative and important book, which is complemented by an excellent index, figures and a beautiful series of plates.’ New Zealand Geographer

Dr Peter Clark is Professor of European Urban History at the University of Helsinki, Finland.

• Contents: Preface; Introduction, Peter Clark and Jussi S. Jauhiainen; London and green space, 1850-2000: an introduction, David A. Reeder; The social construction of green space in London prior to the Second World War, David A. Reeder; Politics, ideology and the issue of open space in London, 1939-2000, Patricia L. Garside; Stockholm and green space, 1850-2000: an introduction, Lars Nilsson; Stockholm's urban parks: meeting places and social contexts from 1860 to 1930, Catharina Nolin; The social park: Stockholm 1900-39, Mats Deland; The Stockholm style: a model for the building of the city in parks, 1930s-1960s, Lars Nilsson (with Stuart Burch); The formation of national urban parks: a Nordic contribution to sustainable development?, Peter Schantz; Helsinki and green space, 1850-2000: an introduction, Peter Clark and Marjatta Hietala; The role of nature in the city: green space in Helsinki, 1917-60, Katri Lento; Politicians, professionals and 'publics': conflicts over green space in Helsinki, c.1950-2000, Marjaana Niemi; The seasonality of green space: the case of Uutela, Helsinki, c. 2000, Niko Lipsanen; St Petersburg and green space 1850-2000: an introduction, Boris Anan'ich and Alexander Kobak; St Petersburg's parks and gardens, 1850-1917, Konstantin Semenov; Red parks: green space in Leningrad, 1917-90, Alexei Kitaev; Index.

'This is a pioneering work for urban historians. It boldly places the history of green open space in European cities at the centre of the historical narrative in a way that has not been done before... Clark has assembled an excellent team of established scholars and young researchers on each city... this is a valuable, pioneering volume on a subject which historians need, more and more, to address. It will be invaluable for students and should be in every university library.' Urban History ’This book [...] makes an important contribution to our understanding not only of green-space developments in each capital, but also of the international influences and links between four major cities.’ Landscape History ’... this is a richly informative and important book, which is complemented by an excellent index, figures and a beautiful series of plates.’ New Zealand Geographer

Dr Peter Clark is Professor of European Urban History at the University of Helsinki, Finland.

• Contents: Preface; Introduction, Peter Clark and Jussi S. Jauhiainen; London and green space, 1850-2000: an introduction, David A. Reeder; The social construction of green space in London prior to the Second World War, David A. Reeder; Politics, ideology and the issue of open space in London, 1939-2000, Patricia L. Garside; Stockholm and green space, 1850-2000: an introduction, Lars Nilsson; Stockholm's urban parks: meeting places and social contexts from 1860 to 1930, Catharina Nolin; The social park: Stockholm 1900-39, Mats Deland; The Stockholm style: a model for the building of the city in parks, 1930s-1960s, Lars Nilsson (with Stuart Burch); The formation of national urban parks: a Nordic contribution to sustainable development?, Peter Schantz; Helsinki and green space, 1850-2000: an introduction, Peter Clark and Marjatta Hietala; The role of nature in the city: green space in Helsinki, 1917-60, Katri Lento; Politicians, professionals and 'publics': conflicts over green space in Helsinki, c.1950-2000, Marjaana Niemi; The seasonality of green space: the case of Uutela, Helsinki, c. 2000, Niko Lipsanen; St Petersburg and green space 1850-2000: an introduction, Boris Anan'ich and Alexander Kobak; St Petersburg's parks and gardens, 1850-1917, Konstantin Semenov; Red parks: green space in Leningrad, 1917-90, Alexei Kitaev; Index.

'This is a pioneering work for urban historians. It boldly places the history of green open space in European cities at the centre of the historical narrative in a way that has not been done before... Clark has assembled an excellent team of established scholars and young researchers on each city... this is a valuable, pioneering volume on a subject which historians need, more and more, to address. It will be invaluable for students and should be in every university library.' Urban History ’This book [...] makes an important contribution to our understanding not only of green-space developments in each capital, but also of the international influences and links between four major cities.’ Landscape History ’... this is a richly informative and important book, which is complemented by an excellent index, figures and a beautiful series of plates.’ New Zealand Geographer