Dr. Ketevan Batsatsashvili graduated from the Faculty of Biology of Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University (TSU), Georgia, in 1999. She received her doctorate at Tbilisi State University in 2005 for the thesis “Lichens as Bioindicators of Air Pollution in Tbilisi.” Dr. Batsatsashvili joined the Botany Department at TSU as doctoral candidate from 2001 to 2005 and was then Assistant Professor at the Tbilisi Institute of Botany (now Institute of Botany of Ilia State University). From 2008 to 2012 she worked as Assistant Professor at the Institute of Ecology of Ilia State University and became Associate Professor of Botany in 2013. Her major research interests are lichens and plant diversity, biological monitoring of environmental stress, species extinction risk assessment, and ethnobiology. She has authored and coauthored some 20 research papers and over 100 book chapters.Dr. Zaal Kikvidze graduated in 1978 from the Faculty of Biology, Tbilisi State University (Georgia), and defended his Ph.D. thesis “Functional Properties of Na,K-ATPase” in 1983 at the National Academy of Sciences of Georgia. He worked as a researcher in the National Academy of Sciences of Georgia and in the Institute of Teachers’ Training of Georgia and later graduated in the Certificate Course in Environmental Education at Jordanhill College, Strathclyde University, Glasgow, Scotland, UK. In 1993 he defended a Doctor of Science (Habil.) thesis “Structural and Functional Optimalization in Biological Systems” at the National Academy of Sciences of Georgia. Dr. Kikvidze worked as Associate Researcher in Chiba University (Japan), as Ramon-y-Cajal Fellow in the Consejo Superior de las Investigaciones Científicas (Spain), and Associate Professor of the University of Tokyo (Japan). The major lines of his research are plant community ecology, species diversity and geographical distributions on ecological gradients, rules of species coexistence and interactions among organisms, environmental education, ethno-ecology, and socio-ecology. Dr. Kikvidze published over 100 papers in scientific, educational, and scientific-popular journals and over 100 book chapters. Since 2006 he cooperates with Ilia State University, and in 2012 he became Professor of Ecology. Dr. Kikvidze is a Full professor and the Director of the Institute of Ethno-biology and Socio-ecology since 2014.Dr. Rainer W. Bussmann earned his M.Sc. (Diploma) in Biology at Universität Tübingen, Germany, in 1993, and his doctorate at Universität Bayreuth, Germany, in 1994. He is an ethnobotanist and vegetation ecologist, and currently Affiliate Scientist at Museo Nacional de Historia Natural in La Paz, Bolivia, and Co-director of Saving Knowledge, La Paz, Bolivia, as well as Principal Scientist in the Department of Ethnobotany, Institute of Botany, Ilia State University, both of which he co-founded. Before retiring from Missouri Botanical Garden,Dr. Bussmann was Director of the William L. Brown Center at Missouri Botanical Garden, William L. Brown Curator of Economic Botany, and Senior Curator. Before accepting the directorship of WLBC, he held academic appointments as Research Fellow in Geography and the Environment at the University of Texas at Austin from 2006 to 2007, as Associate Professor of Botany and Scientific Director of Harold Lyon Arboretum at the University of Hawaii from 2003 to 2006, and as Assistant Professor at the University of Bayreuth from 1997 to 2003, following a postdoc at the same institution from 1994 to 1997. Dr. Bussmann holds affiliate faculty appointments at Washington University St. Louis, USA; University of Missouri St. Louis, USA; Florida Atlantic University Boca Raton, USA; Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Brazil; Universidád Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Perú; and at Ilia State University, Republic of Georgia, and serves as external thesis advisor at multiple other universities worldwide. Hiswork focuses on ethnobotanical research, and the preservation of traditional knowledge, in Bolivia, Peru, Madagascar, the Caucasus, and the Himalayas. To date, Dr. Bussmann has authored over 230 peer-reviewed papers, over 175 book chapters, and authored or edited over 30 books. Dr. Bussmann is a past President of the Society for Economic Botany and has served as board/council member of the International Society for Ethnopharmacology, Society of Ethnobiology, Botanical Society of America, and International Society of Ethnobiology. See more of his work on his website (https://www. cejaandina.org/rainer-w-bussmann/) and download publications from ResearchGate (https://www.researchgate. net/profile/Rainer_Bussmann).

• Part I Regions: Far Eastern Europe; Part II Plant profiles: 100-125 plant profiles, sorted from A-Z.

Dr. Ketevan Batsatsashvili graduated from the Faculty of Biology of Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University (TSU), Georgia, in 1999. She received her doctorate at Tbilisi State University in 2005 for the thesis “Lichens as Bioindicators of Air Pollution in Tbilisi.” Dr. Batsatsashvili joined the Botany Department at TSU as doctoral candidate from 2001 to 2005 and was then Assistant Professor at the Tbilisi Institute of Botany (now Institute of Botany of Ilia State University). From 2008 to 2012 she worked as Assistant Professor at the Institute of Ecology of Ilia State University and became Associate Professor of Botany in 2013. Her major research interests are lichens and plant diversity, biological monitoring of environmental stress, species extinction risk assessment, and ethnobiology. She has authored and coauthored some 20 research papers and over 100 book chapters.Dr. Zaal Kikvidze graduated in 1978 from the Faculty of Biology, Tbilisi State University (Georgia), and defended his Ph.D. thesis “Functional Properties of Na,K-ATPase” in 1983 at the National Academy of Sciences of Georgia. He worked as a researcher in the National Academy of Sciences of Georgia and in the Institute of Teachers’ Training of Georgia and later graduated in the Certificate Course in Environmental Education at Jordanhill College, Strathclyde University, Glasgow, Scotland, UK. In 1993 he defended a Doctor of Science (Habil.) thesis “Structural and Functional Optimalization in Biological Systems” at the National Academy of Sciences of Georgia. Dr. Kikvidze worked as Associate Researcher in Chiba University (Japan), as Ramon-y-Cajal Fellow in the Consejo Superior de las Investigaciones Científicas (Spain), and Associate Professor of the University of Tokyo (Japan). The major lines of his research are plant community ecology, species diversity and geographical distributions on ecological gradients, rules of species coexistence and interactions among organisms, environmental education, ethno-ecology, and socio-ecology. Dr. Kikvidze published over 100 papers in scientific, educational, and scientific-popular journals and over 100 book chapters. Since 2006 he cooperates with Ilia State University, and in 2012 he became Professor of Ecology. Dr. Kikvidze is a Full professor and the Director of the Institute of Ethno-biology and Socio-ecology since 2014.Dr. Rainer W. Bussmann earned his M.Sc. (Diploma) in Biology at Universität Tübingen, Germany, in 1993, and his doctorate at Universität Bayreuth, Germany, in 1994. He is an ethnobotanist and vegetation ecologist, and currently Affiliate Scientist at Museo Nacional de Historia Natural in La Paz, Bolivia, and Co-director of Saving Knowledge, La Paz, Bolivia, as well as Principal Scientist in the Department of Ethnobotany, Institute of Botany, Ilia State University, both of which he co-founded. Before retiring from Missouri Botanical Garden,Dr. Bussmann was Director of the William L. Brown Center at Missouri Botanical Garden, William L. Brown Curator of Economic Botany, and Senior Curator. Before accepting the directorship of WLBC, he held academic appointments as Research Fellow in Geography and the Environment at the University of Texas at Austin from 2006 to 2007, as Associate Professor of Botany and Scientific Director of Harold Lyon Arboretum at the University of Hawaii from 2003 to 2006, and as Assistant Professor at the University of Bayreuth from 1997 to 2003, following a postdoc at the same institution from 1994 to 1997. Dr. Bussmann holds affiliate faculty appointments at Washington University St. Louis, USA; University of Missouri St. Louis, USA; Florida Atlantic University Boca Raton, USA; Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Brazil; Universidád Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Perú; and at Ilia State University, Republic of Georgia, and serves as external thesis advisor at multiple other universities worldwide. Hiswork focuses on ethnobotanical research, and the preservation of traditional knowledge, in Bolivia, Peru, Madagascar, the Caucasus, and the Himalayas. To date, Dr. Bussmann has authored over 230 peer-reviewed papers, over 175 book chapters, and authored or edited over 30 books. Dr. Bussmann is a past President of the Society for Economic Botany and has served as board/council member of the International Society for Ethnopharmacology, Society of Ethnobiology, Botanical Society of America, and International Society of Ethnobiology. See more of his work on his website (https://www. cejaandina.org/rainer-w-bussmann/) and download publications from ResearchGate (https://www.researchgate. net/profile/Rainer_Bussmann).

• Part I Regions: Far Eastern Europe; Part II Plant profiles: 100-125 plant profiles, sorted from A-Z.

Dr. Ketevan Batsatsashvili graduated from the Faculty of Biology of Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University (TSU), Georgia, in 1999. She received her doctorate at Tbilisi State University in 2005 for the thesis “Lichens as Bioindicators of Air Pollution in Tbilisi.” Dr. Batsatsashvili joined the Botany Department at TSU as doctoral candidate from 2001 to 2005 and was then Assistant Professor at the Tbilisi Institute of Botany (now Institute of Botany of Ilia State University). From 2008 to 2012 she worked as Assistant Professor at the Institute of Ecology of Ilia State University and became Associate Professor of Botany in 2013. Her major research interests are lichens and plant diversity, biological monitoring of environmental stress, species extinction risk assessment, and ethnobiology. She has authored and coauthored some 20 research papers and over 100 book chapters.Dr. Zaal Kikvidze graduated in 1978 from the Faculty of Biology, Tbilisi State University (Georgia), and defended his Ph.D. thesis “Functional Properties of Na,K-ATPase” in 1983 at the National Academy of Sciences of Georgia. He worked as a researcher in the National Academy of Sciences of Georgia and in the Institute of Teachers’ Training of Georgia and later graduated in the Certificate Course in Environmental Education at Jordanhill College, Strathclyde University, Glasgow, Scotland, UK. In 1993 he defended a Doctor of Science (Habil.) thesis “Structural and Functional Optimalization in Biological Systems” at the National Academy of Sciences of Georgia. Dr. Kikvidze worked as Associate Researcher in Chiba University (Japan), as Ramon-y-Cajal Fellow in the Consejo Superior de las Investigaciones Científicas (Spain), and Associate Professor of the University of Tokyo (Japan). The major lines of his research are plant community ecology, species diversity and geographical distributions on ecological gradients, rules of species coexistence and interactions among organisms, environmental education, ethno-ecology, and socio-ecology. Dr. Kikvidze published over 100 papers in scientific, educational, and scientific-popular journals and over 100 book chapters. Since 2006 he cooperates with Ilia State University, and in 2012 he became Professor of Ecology. Dr. Kikvidze is a Full professor and the Director of the Institute of Ethno-biology and Socio-ecology since 2014.Dr. Rainer W. Bussmann earned his M.Sc. (Diploma) in Biology at Universität Tübingen, Germany, in 1993, and his doctorate at Universität Bayreuth, Germany, in 1994. He is an ethnobotanist and vegetation ecologist, and currently Affiliate Scientist at Museo Nacional de Historia Natural in La Paz, Bolivia, and Co-director of Saving Knowledge, La Paz, Bolivia, as well as Principal Scientist in the Department of Ethnobotany, Institute of Botany, Ilia State University, both of which he co-founded. Before retiring from Missouri Botanical Garden,Dr. Bussmann was Director of the William L. Brown Center at Missouri Botanical Garden, William L. Brown Curator of Economic Botany, and Senior Curator. Before accepting the directorship of WLBC, he held academic appointments as Research Fellow in Geography and the Environment at the University of Texas at Austin from 2006 to 2007, as Associate Professor of Botany and Scientific Director of Harold Lyon Arboretum at the University of Hawaii from 2003 to 2006, and as Assistant Professor at the University of Bayreuth from 1997 to 2003, following a postdoc at the same institution from 1994 to 1997. Dr. Bussmann holds affiliate faculty appointments at Washington University St. Louis, USA; University of Missouri St. Louis, USA; Florida Atlantic University Boca Raton, USA; Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Brazil; Universidád Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Perú; and at Ilia State University, Republic of Georgia, and serves as external thesis advisor at multiple other universities worldwide. Hiswork focuses on ethnobotanical research, and the preservation of traditional knowledge, in Bolivia, Peru, Madagascar, the Caucasus, and the Himalayas. To date, Dr. Bussmann has authored over 230 peer-reviewed papers, over 175 book chapters, and authored or edited over 30 books. Dr. Bussmann is a past President of the Society for Economic Botany and has served as board/council member of the International Society for Ethnopharmacology, Society of Ethnobiology, Botanical Society of America, and International Society of Ethnobiology. See more of his work on his website (https://www. cejaandina.org/rainer-w-bussmann/) and download publications from ResearchGate (https://www.researchgate. net/profile/Rainer_Bussmann).

• Part I Regions: Far Eastern Europe; Part II Plant profiles: 100-125 plant profiles, sorted from A-Z.