Ethics in Science and Engineering

James G. Speight PhD, DSc is a senior fuel and environmental consultant and Visiting Professor at the University of Trinidad and Tobago. He is recognized internationally as an expert in the characterization, properties, and processing of conventional fuels, synthetic fuels, and biofuels. He has more than 40 years of experience in the process industries, is the author of numerous books and papers, is the senior editor of three journals, and has won numerous awards and distinctions. Russell Foote earned his PhD in Sociology of Education in 2002 at The University of the West Indies. He has accumulated a range of teachingexperiences at the primary, secondary and tertiary education levels, in addition to administrative, research and community service. He also has publications that are used at every academic level.

• Preface ix1. Explaining Ethics 11.1 Introduction 11.2 The Impact of Science and Engineering 81.3 The Framework of Ethics 121.4 Ethics in Professional Life 19References 242. Scientists and Engineers 272.1 Introduction 272.2 Definitions 322.3 Scientific Disciplines 352.4 Engineering Disciplines 392.5 Expert Witness 412.6 Professionalism 43References 503. The Psychology and Philosophy of Ethics 533.1 Introduction 533.2 Ethical Responsibilities in Research 563.3 Ethics in Science and Engineering 633.4 A Phenomenological Theory of Ethics 723.5 Conflicts of Interest 76References 824. Education of Scientists and Engineers 854.1 Introduction 854.2 The High School Experience 874.3 The Baccalaureate Experience 914.4 The Graduate Degree Experience 1024.5 Postdoctoral Education 1064.6 Morals and Values 1084.7 Evaluating Scientists and Engineers 1134.8 Intellectual Property 114References 1195. Scientific and Engineering Societies 1235.1 Introduction 1235.2 Scientific Societies 1275.3 Engineering Societies 1315.4 Codes of Ethics and Ethical Standards 1345.5 Promoting Research Integrity 1385.6 The Effectiveness of Society Activities 1405.7 Academic Freedom 148References 1536. Codes of Ethics and Ethical Standards 1576.1 Introduction 1576.2 Ethics 1666.3 Codes of Ethics 1796.4 The Premise Behind Codes of Ethics 1846.5 Codes of Ethics and Peer Reviews 188References 1917. Integrity in Research 1957.1 Introduction 1957.2 The Nature and Conduct of Research 2057.3 Collecting Research Data 2167.4 The Controls 226References 2318. Publication and Communication 2358.1 Introduction 2358.2 The Scientific and Engineering Literature 2418.3 The Journals 2428.4 Data Manipulation for Publication 2478.5 Detecting Falsified Data 2488.6 Peer Reviewers and Their Duties 2498.7 Duties and Responsibilities of a Journal Editor 252References 2579. Enforcement of Codes of Ethics 2599.1 Introduction 2599.2 Following a Code of Ethics 2629.3 Enforcing a Code of Ethics 2649.4 Reporting Misconduct 2749.5 Published Examples of Unethical Behavior 280References 288Glossary 291Index 301

“Overall, Speight and Foote present a wide-ranging discussion of ethics from a theoretical and applied perspective making Ethics in Science and Engineering a valuable reference book.”  (Journal of Chemical Education, 30 November 2012)