Ethics in Practice

HUGH LAFOLLETTE is Emeritus Professor of Philosophy and Emeritus Cole Chair at the University of South Florida, St. Petersburg. He is the author of several books, most recently In Defense of Gun Control. He is the editor of numerous works, including the International Encyclopedia of Ethics and The Blackwell Guide to Ethical Theory. He primarily works on diverse issues in practical and normative ethics.

• Preface for Instructors ixAcknowledgments xiGeneral Introduction 1Theorizing about Ethics 3Reading Philosophy 12Writing a Philosophy Paper 16Basics of Argumentation 22KEY: N – New to this edition; R – Revised for this edition; W — Written for EIPPart I Theory 25Ethical Theory 271 Consequentialism [W] 29William H. Shaw2 Deontology [W] 38David McNaughton and Piers Rawling3 Rights [W] 51George W. Rainbolt4 Virtue Theory [W] 60Rosalind Hursthouse5 Intellectual Vices [N & W] 70Quassim Cassam6 Pragmatic Ethics [N & R] 80Hugh LaFollettePart II Death, Life, and Moral Status 91Euthanasia 937 Justifying Physician‐Assisted Deaths [W] 96Tom L. Beauchamp7a My Death is Close at Hand. But I Do Not Think of Myself as Dying Washington Post Opinion (April 27, 2023) 104By Paul Woodruff8 Against the Right to Die 106J. David Velleman9 Physician‐Assisted Deaths: Policy Choices 115Ronald A. Lindsay10 Dying at the Right Time: Reflections on (Un)assisted Suicide [W] 126John Hardwig11 ‘For Now Have I My Death’: The ‘Duty to Die’ Versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive 138Felicia Nimue Ackerman Copyrighted MaterialAbortion 14812 A Defense of Abortion 150Judith Jarvis Thomson13 On the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion 158Mary Anne Warren14 An Argument that Abortion is Wrong [W] 168Don Marquis15 Virtue Theory and Abortion 178Rosalind Hursthouse16 Abortion, Post Dobbs: The Need for Public Reason [N & W] 187Leonard M. FleckAnimals 19817 All Animals are Equal 201Peter Singer18 Moral Standing, the Value of Lives, and Speciesism 210R. G. Frey19 The Case for Animal Rights 221Tom Regan20 The Vegetarian Imperative [W] 227Michael Allen FoxBiomedical Technologies 23721 Is Women’s Labor a Commodity? 239Elizabeth S. Anderson22 Neural Implants and the TRICK to Autonomy [N & W] 250Maximilian Kiener and Thomas Douglas23 Should We Edit the Human Genome? [N & W] 259Christopher Gyngell24 Cognitive Enhancement [R] 272Jonathan PughEnvironment 28525 The Value of Nature 287Ronald Sandler26 A Place for Cost–Benefit Analysis 296David Schmidtz27 Ideals of Human Excellence and Preserving Natural Environments 305Thomas E. Hill, Jr.28 A Perfect Moral Storm: Climate Change, Intergenerational Ethics, and the Problem of Moral Corruption 315Stephen M. Gardiner29 Greed: Past, Present, and Future [N & W] 326Elaine E. Englehardt and Michael S. PritchardPart III Liberty and Equality 337Paternalism and Risk 33930 Freedom of Action 341John Stuart Mill31 Against the Legalization of Drugs 345James Q. Wilson32 Why We Should Decriminalize Drug Use [R] 350Douglas Husak33 The Liberal Basis of the Right to Bear Arms 359Todd C. Hughes and Lester H. Hunt34 Gun Control 370Hugh LaFolletteFree Speech 38235 Freedom of Thought and Discussion 385John Stuart Mill36 “The Price We Pay?” Pornography and Harm 389Susan J. Brison37 The Right to Get Turned On: Pornography, Autonomy, Equality 398Andrew Altman38 Sticks and Stones [W] 408John Arthur39 Speech Codes and Expressive Harm [W] 419Andrew AltmanDiscrimination 42840 Racism as an Ethical Issue [W] 430Michele Moody‐Adams41 Servility and Self‐Respect 438Thomas E. Hill, Jr.42 Implicit Bias [R] 445Alex Madva43 Affirmative Action as Equalizing Opportunity: Challenging the Myth of “Preferential Treatment” [W] 454Luke Charles Harris and Uma Narayan44 Sexual Harassment: Formal Complaints Are Not Enough 465Jennifer Saul45 Men in Groups: Collective Responsibility for Rape 476Larry May and Robert Strikwerda46 Ideals of Respect: Identity, Dignity and Disability [W] 486Adam CuretonConscience, State, and Religion Introduction 49747 Resolving Conflicts Between Religious Liberty and Other Values 500Mark R. Wicclair48 Religious Conviction, Parental Authority, and Children’s Interests [W] 511Christopher Meyers49 Gay Rights and Religious Accommodations [W] 521Andrew Koppelman50 Conscientious Objection in Health Care 530Mark R. Wicclair51 My Conscience May Be My Guide, But You May Not Need to Honor It 544Hugh LaFollettePart IV Justice 557Punishment 55952 Prolegomenon to the Principles of Punishment [N] 561H. L. A. Hart53 Does Punishment Work? [W & R] 574John Paul Wright, Francis T. Cullen, and Kevin M. Beaver54 Sentencing Pluralism [N & W] 585Douglas Husak55 Just Deserts in Unjust Societies: A Case‐Specific Approach 592Stuart P. Green56 To Protect and Serve: What is Wrong with the Policing of Minorities in the US? 603John KleinigEconomic Justice 61557 A Theory of Justice 617John Rawls58 The Entitlement Theory of Justice 629Robert Nozick59 The Ethical Implications of Benefiting from Injustice [W] 641Daniel Butt60 A Bleeding Heart Libertarian View of Inequality 650Andrew Jason CohenGlobal Justice 66361 Refugees and the Right to Control Immigration [W] 665Christopher Heath Wellman62 The Case for Open Immigration 673Chandran Kukathas63 Famine, Affluence, and Morality 683Peter Singer64 Famine Relief and the Ideal Moral Code [W] 692John Arthur65 Eradicating Systemic Poverty: Brief for a Global Resources Dividend 701Thomas W. PoggeWar and Torture 71466 War and Moral Consistency 716Jonathan Parry67 Pacifism: Reclaiming the Moral Presumption 728William J. Hawk68 The Justifiability of Humanitarian Intervention 738Charles R. Beitz69 Assassination [N & W] 746Adrian O’Connor70 Terrorism and Torture [R] 755Fritz Allhoff71 Unthinking the Ticking Time Bomb 768David LubanAn Afterword 778Hugh LaFollette72 Moral Dilemmas and Moral Injury [N & W] 779Paul Woodruff