Epidemiology and Environmental Hygiene in Veterinary Public Health

Tanmoy Rana, PhD, is Assistant Professor in the Department of Veterinary Clinical Complex, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, India. He specializes in clinical veterinary medicine and practices in pet, small, and large ruminants.

• List of Contributors ixPreface xvAcknowledgments xviiSection 1 Impacts of Epidemiology 11 Epidemiology: Principles, Aims and Scope, Methods, Components and Application 3Ismail A. Odetokun, Aminu Shittu, Akeem Adebola Bakare, Oluwadamilola Olawumi Abiodun-Adewusi, and Nma Bida Alhaji2 Factors Influencing Livestock Diseases and Animal Productivity 33Negin Esfandiari and Mohammadreza Najafi3 Determinants of Disease, Adjustment of Rates, Trends and Emergence 41Kollannur Davis Justin and Kadankandath Athira4 Transmission, Maintenance of Infection, and Consequences of Disease 67Shriya Rawat, Parul, Nishant Sharma, Barkha Sharma, Udit Jain, and Vipul Thakur5 Ecology of Diseases, Hypothesis, and Life Table Technique and Its Application 81Samuel U. Felix, Samuel C. Maureen, Simpson Monya, and Eshun A. Ama6 Measures of Occurrence of Disease Pattern and Association 99Amitava Roy and Tanmoy Rana7 Animal Disease Surveillance, Survey Systems, and Associate Indices 107Amitava Roy and Tanmoy Rana8 Epidemiological Studies, Measures of Disease Frequency, and Mortality 117Samuel U. Felix, Samuel C. Maureen, Simpson Monya, Mariam Yakubu, and Njideka Adeniyi9 Animal Disease Alerts and Forecasting 135Amitava Roy and Tanmoy Rana10 Strategies of Disease Management: Prevention, Control, and On- farm Biosecurity 145Harshit Saxena, Akhilesh Kumar, Varun Kumar Sarkar, Manav Kansal, and Kartikey Verma11 Economic Impact on Animal Diseases 155Justin Davis K, Athira K, and Javed Jameel A Copyrighted Material12 International Laws and Regulations on Controlling Livestock Diseases 177Bhavanam Sudhakara Reddy, Sirigireddy Sivajothi, and Kambala Swetha13 Role of OIE in Global Trade in Animals and Animal Products 185Somu Yogeshpriya and Tanmoy Rana14 Comparative Epidemiological Studies 191Maninder Singh and Jay P. Yadav15 Clinical Trials, Diagnostic Testing, and Risk Analysis 197Negin Esfandiari and Mohammadreza Najafi16 Observational Studies 207Ashemi Yusuf, Amitava Roy, and Tanmoy Rana17 Nature of Data, Data Collection, and Management 215Abbas Rabiu Ishaq18 Systematic Reviews in Epidemiological Studies 229Pratistha Shrivastava and Raghvendra Mishra19 Statistical and Mathematical Modeling 245Ashish C. Patel20 Health Schemes and Its Importance 251Sabhyata Sharma, Abhishek Pathak, Abhinav Meena, and Sandeep Kumar21 Animal Health, Management, and Nutritional Epidemiology 261Amitava Roy, Tanmoy Rana, and Arkaprabha Shee22 Vaccines and Vaccination 271J. Jyothi and M. Bhavya SreeSection 2 Impact of Environmental Hygiene in Veterinary and Public Health 27723 Aims, Scope, Administration, and Importance of Veterinary Public Health 279Chandra Shekhar24 Role of Veterinarians in Public Health 287Pratistha Shrivastava, Simant Kumar Sahoo, and K.M. Venkatesh25 One Health Concept and Initiatives in Veterinary Public Health 299Naveen Kumar, Amit Kumar, Dinesh Mittal, and Manesh Kumar26 Sources and Hazardous Effects of Environmental Contaminants 309Atul Kumar and Anil Patyal27 General Aspects of Environmental Hygiene 321Udit Jain, Faizan ul Haque Nagrami, Vijay Laxmi Tripathi, Parul, Barkha Sharma, Shweta Sharma, Parul Singh, and Shikhar Karan Verma28 Natural Resources: Definition, Types, Examples, Uses, and Abuses 329Udit Jain, Faizan ul Haque Nagrami, Barkha Sharma, Priyambada, Parul, and Uma Sharma29 Epidemiology and Environmental Health in Veterinary Medicine 339J. Jyothi and M. Bhavya Sree30 Precision Livestock Farming and Its Advantage to the Environment 343Amitava Roy and Tanmoy Rana31 Biodiversity: Concept, Pattern, Importance, Threats, and Conservation 349Jitendrakumar Nayak, Varun Asediya, Santanu Pal, and Pranav Anjaria32 Definition, Scope, Characteristics, and Importance of Ecosystems 365Udit Jain, Faizan ul Haque Nagrami, Barkha Sharma, Parul, and Uma Sharma33 Environmental Pollution: Air, Water, Soil, Marine, and Thermal Pollution 385Parul, Udit Jain, Barkha Sharma, Anuj Kumar, Renu Singh, and Sanjay Bharti34 Environmental Pollution Effect on Animal and Human Health 393Goverdhan Singh, Balram Yadav, and Vivek Agrawal35 Rural and Urban Pollution 405Mona Abdelghany Nasr and Nourhan Eissa36 Global Warming and Green House Effect: Impact of Climate Change, Protocol, Treaties and Convention 415Baleshwari Dixit, Sulochana Sen, and Rajesh Kumar Vandre37 Environmental Enrichment and Welfare of Animals 427Deepak Nelagonda, Ramadevi Pampana, and Manoj Kumar Karanam38 Basics of Water Supply, Quality, and Purification 439Nourhan Eissa and Mona Abdelghany Nasr39 Type, Cause, Effects, Control Methods of Noise Pollution 451Baleshwari Dixit, Sapna Sharma, Ranvijay Singh, and Serlene Tomar40 Environmental Contamination and Food Chain Bioaccumulation 461Kaushik Satyaprakash, Annada Das, Dipanwita Bhattacharya, and Souti Prasad Sarkhel41 Principles and Issues of Environmental Protection 477Baleshwari Dixit, Neelam Kurmi, Sapna Sharma, Serlene Tomar, and Yamini Verma42 Challenges of Emergency Animal Management During Disasters 487Javed Jameel A, Justin Davis K, and Athira K43 Sources of Air Pollution in Animal Houses and Its Consequences 497Parul Singh, Barkha Sharma, Udit Jain, Renu Singh, Sanjay Bharti, and Meena Goswami44 Farm Waste and Sewage Disposal 505Jaysukh B. Kathiriya and Bhavesh J. Trangadia45 Biomedical Waste Management 523Gungi Saritha46 General Hygiene, Sanitation, and Disinfection of Animal Housing and Hospital Environment 537Jay P. Yadav, Sivakumar Mani, and Maninder Singh47 Management of Stray, Fallen Animals and Carcass Disposal 551Poornima Gumasta, Narendra Kumar, Mahmuda Malik, and Diptimayee Sahoo48 Vector and Reservoir Control in Veterinary Public Health 557Jitendrakumar Nayak, Santanu Pal, Pranav Anjaria, and Varun Asediya49 Principles of General Disease Prevention and Control Measures 569Jitendrakumar Nayak, Manasi Soni, Pranav Anjaria, and Manubhai N. Brahmbhatt50 Accident Prevention for Animal Well-being 581Abbas Rabiu Ishaq51 Maintenance of Industrial Hygiene 593Mona Abdelghany Nasr and Nourhan Eissa52 Environmental Planning, Monitoring, and Management 599Jaysukh Kathiriya and Bhavesh J. TrangadiaIndex 615