Environmental Ethics

Louis P. Pojman (1935-2005) was Professor of Philosophy, Emeritus, at the United States Military Academy and a Life Member of Clare Hall, Cambridge University. He received an M.A. and Ph.D. from Union Theological Seminary/Columbia University. He was a Fulbright Fellow at the University of Copenhagen and a Rockefeller Fellow at Hamburg University. He received his D.Phil. in Philosophy from Oxford University in 1997.His first position was at the University of Notre Dame, after which he taught at the University of Texas at Dallas. Later, at the University of Mississippi, he served for three years as Chair of the Department of Philosophy and Religion. In 1995, he became Professor of Philosophy at the United States Military Academy at West Point. He most recently was Visiting Professor at Brigham Young University in Utah and Visiting Fellow at Clare Hall, Oxford University. Pojman won several research and teaching awards, including the Burlington Northern Award for Outstanding Teaching and Scholarship (1988) and the Outstanding Scholar/Teacher in the Humanities at the University of Mississippi (1994). He wrote in the areas of philosophy of religion, epistemology, ethics, and political philosophy and authored or edited more than 30 books and 100 articles. Louis Pojman passed away in 2005. Paul Pojman completed his Ph. D. at Indiana University, in the department of History and Philosophy of Science. He is currently Assistant Professor at Towson University in the Philosophy Department, and Associated Faculty with the Environmental Studies and Science Programs. Katie McShane is an associate professor of philosophy at Colorado State University who works primarily in environmental ethics and ethical theory. She has written articles on ecosystem health, the place of environmental concerns in theories of value, and the moral significance of our emotional engagements with nature. Her work has been published in journals such as Philosophical Studies, Environmental Ethics, Environmental Values, and Ethics and the Environment. She received her Ph.D. in philosophy from the University of Michigan in 2002 and her B.A. from Northwestern University in 1993. She previously worked as an assistant professor at North Carolina State University and spent a year as a visiting scholar at Harvard University's Center for Ethics and the Professions.

• Part I: THEORY.1. Introduction.Clare Palmer, Contested Frameworks in Environmental Ethics. Thomas E. Hill, Jr., Ideals of Human Excellence and Preserving Natural Environments. Henry Shue, Global Environment and International Inequality.2. Future Generations.Derek Parfit, Energy Policy and the Further Future: The Identity Problem. Annette Baier, The Rights of Past and Future Persons. Richard B. Howarth, Intergenerational Justice.3. Animal Rights.Immanuel Kant, Rational Beings Alone Have Moral Worth. Holly L Wilson, Green Kant: Kant’s Treatment of Animals. Peter Singer, A Utilitarian Defense of Animal Liberation. Tom Regan, The Radical Egalitarian Case for Animal Rights. Mary Anne Warren, A Critique of Regan’s Animal Rights Theory. Dale Jamieson, Against Zoos.4. Nature and Naturalness.Holmes Rolston, III, Naturalizing Values: Organisms and Species. Ned Hettinger, Comments on Holmes Rolston’s "Naturalizing Values". John Stuart Mill, Nature. Steven Vogel, Environmental Philosophy after the End of Nature.5. Individualist Biocentrism.Albert Schweitzer, Reverence for Life. Paul Taylor, Biocentric Egalitarianism. Robin Attfield, Biocentrism and Artificial Life. Jason Kawall, Reverence for Life as a Viable Environmental Virtue.6. Holism.Arne Naess, The Shallow and the Deep, Long-Range Ecological Movement. Arne Naess, Ecosophy T: Deep Versus Shallow Ecology. Bill Devall and George Sessions, Deep Ecology. Aldo Leopold, The Land Ethic. J. Baird Callicott, The Conceptual Foundations of the Land Ethic. Lawrence E. Johnson, Eco-Interests. Harley Cahen, Against the Moral Considerability of Ecosystems. Lilly-Marlene Russow, Why Do Species Matter? Christopher D. Stone, Should Trees Have Standing? Toward Legal Rights for Natural Objects.7. Environmental Justice.Ramachandra Guha, Radical Environmentalism and Wilderness Preservation: A Third World Critique. Robert Bullard, Overcoming Racism in Environmental Decision Making. Peter S. Wenz, Just Garbage: The Problem of Environmental Racism. Marie Mies, Deceiving the Third World: The Myth of Catching-Up Development. Laura Westra, Environmental Risks, Rights, and the Failure of Liberal Democracy: Some Possible Remedies. Linda Robyn, Indigenous Knowledge and Technology: Creating Environmental Justice in the Twenty-First Century. Vandana Shiva, Women’s Indigenous Knowledge and Biodiversity Conservation. Karen Warren, The Power and Promise of Ecological Feminism. Laura Westra, The Earth Charter: From Global Ethics to International Law Instrument.8. Sustainability.World Commission on Environment and Development, Towards Sustainable Development. William Rees, Sustainable Development: Economic Myths and Global Realities. Mark Sagoff, At the Shrine of Our Lady of Fatima, or Why Political Questions Are Not All Economic. John B. Cobb, Jr., Toward a Just and Sustainable Economic Order. Fred Magdoff & John Bellamy Foster, Capitalism: What Every Environmentalist Needs to Know. Alan Thein Durning, An Ecological Critique of Global Advertising. Louis P. Pojman, The Challenge of the Future: Private Property, the City, the Globe, and a Sustainable Society.Part II: PRACTICE.9. Food Ethics.Mylan Engel, Jr., Hunger, Duty and Ecology: On What We Owe Starving Human Beings. Tristram Coffin, The World Food Supply: The Damage Done by Cattle-Raising. Michael Fox, Vegetarianism and Planetary Health. Jonathan Rauch, Can Frankenfood Save the Planet? Mae Ho, Unholy Alliance: Critiques of Genetically Modified Foods. The ETC Report, The Poor can Feed Themselves. Marion Nestle, From "Eat More" to "Eat Less": 1900-1990. Alice Waters, Slow Food Nation. Eric Schlosser et al., One Thing to Do About Food.10. Climate Change.Naomi Oreskes, The Scientific Consensus on Climate Change: How Do We Know We’re Not Wrong? UN Report on Climate Change Pollution, Livestock's role in Climate Change and Air Pollution. Ashley Dawson, Climate Justice: The Emerging Movement against Green Capitalism. Evelyn Wright and Paul Pojman, Evalu