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• Introduction xxx Chapter 1 Single-Area OSPFv2 Concepts 1 Introduction - 1.0 1 Why should I take this module? - 1.0.1 1 What will I learn to do in this module? - 1.0.2 1 OSPF Features and Characteristics - 1.1 1 Introduction to OSPF - 1.1.1 1 Components of OSPF - 1.1.2 2 Link-State Operation - 1.1.3 3 Single-Area and Multiarea OSPF - 1.1.4 4 Multiarea OSPF - 1.1.5 4 OSPFv3 - 1.1.6 5 Check Your Understanding - OSPF Features and Characteristics - 1.1.7 6 OSPF Packets - 1.2 6 Video - OSPF Packets - 1.2.1 6 Types of OSPF Packets - 1.2.2 6 Link-State Updates - 1.2.3 7 Hello Packet - 1.2.4 7 Check Your Understanding - OSPF Packets - 1.2.5 7 OSPF Operation - 1.3 7 Video - OSPF Operation - 1.3.1 7 OSPF Operational States - 1.3.2 7 Establish Neighbor Adjacencies - 1.3.3 8 Synchronizing OSPF Databases - 1.3.4 9 The Need for a DR - 1.3.5 10 LSA Flooding With a DR - 1.3.6 11 Check Your Understanding - OPSF Operation - 1.3.7 11 Module Practice and Quiz - 1.4 11 What did I learn in this module? - 1.4.1 11 Chapter Quiz - Single-Area OSPFv2 Concepts 14 Your Chapter Notes 14 Chapter 2 Single-Area OSPFv2 Configuration 15 Introduction - 2.0 15 Why should I take this module? - 2.0.1 15 What will I learn to do in this module? - 2.0.2 15 OSPF Router ID - 2.1 15 OSPF Reference Topology - 2.1.1 15 Router Configuration Mode for OSPF - 2.1.2 16 Router IDs - 2.1.3 16 Router ID Order of Precedence - 2.1.4 17 Configure a Loopback Interface as the Router ID - 2.1.5 17 Explicitly Configure a Router ID - 2.1.6 18 Modify a Router ID - 2.1.7 18 Syntax Checker - Configure R2 and R3 Router IDs - 2.1.8 19 Check Your Understanding - OSPF Router ID - 2.1.9 19 Point-to-Point OSPF Networks - 2.2 20 The network Command Syntax - 2.2.1 20 The Wildcard Mask - 2.2.2 20 Check Your Understanding - The Wildcard Masks - 2.2.3 20 Configure OSPF Using the network Command - 2.2.4 20 Syntax Checker - Configure R2 and R3 Using the network Command - 2.2.5 21 Configure OSPF Using the ip ospf Command - 2.2.6 21 Syntax Checker - Configure R2 and R3 Using the ip ospf Command - 2.2.7 22 Passive Interface - 2.2.8 22 Configure Passive Interfaces - 2.2.9 23 Syntax Checker - Configure R2 and R3 Passive Interfaces - 2.2.10 24 OSPF Point-to-Point Networks - 2.2.11 24 Loopbacks and Point-to-Point Networks - 2.2.12 26 Packet Tracer - Point-to-Point Single-Area OSPFv2 Configuration - 2.2.13 26 Multiaccess OSPF Networks - 2.3 27 OSPF Network Types - 2.3.1 27 OSPF Designated Router - 2.3.2 27 OSPF Multiaccess Reference Topology - 2.3.3 27 Verify OSPF Router Roles - 2.3.4 28 Verify DR/BDR Adjacencies - 2.3.5 30 Default DR/BDR Election Process - 2.3.6 32 DR Failure and Recovery - 2.3.7 33 The ip ospf priority Command - 2.3.8 33 Configure OSPF Priority - 2.3.9 34 Syntax Checker - Configure OSPF Priority - 2.3.10 35 Packet Tracer - Determine the DR and BDR - 2.3.11 35 Modify Single-Area OSPFv2 - 2.4 36 Cisco OSPF Cost Metric - 2.4.1 36 Adjust the Reference Bandwidth - 2.4.2 36 OSPF Accumulates Costs - 2.4.3 38 Manually Set OSPF Cost Value - 2.4.4 38 Test Failover to Backup Route - 2.4.5 39 Syntax Checker - Modify the Cost Values for R2 and R3 - 2.4.6 40 Hello Packet Intervals - 2.4.7 40 Verify Hello and Dead Intervals - 2.4.8 40 Modify OSPFv2 Intervals - 2.4.9 42 Syntax Checker - Modifying Hello and Dead Intervals on R3 - 2.4.10 43 Packet Tracer - Modify Single-Area OSPFv2 - 2.4.11 43 Default Route Propagation - 2.5 43 Propagate a Default Static Route in OSPFv2 - 2.5.1 43 Verify the Propagated Default Route - 2.5.2 44 Packet Tracer - Propagate a Default Route in OSPFv2 - 2.5.3 46 Verify Single-Area OSPFv2 - 2.6 46 Verify OSPF Neighbors - 2.6.1 46 Verify OSPF Protocol Settings - 2.6.2 48 Verify OSPF Process Information - 2.6.3 48 Verify OSPF Interface Settings - 2.6.4 50 Syntax Checker - Verify Single-Area OSPFv2 - 2.6.5 51 Packet Tracer - Verify Single-Area OSPFv2 - 2.6.6 51 Module Practice and Quiz - 2.7 51 Packet Tracer - Single-Area OSPFv2 Configuration - 2.7.1 51 Lab - Single-Area OSPFv2 Configuration - 2.7.2 51 What did I learn in this module? - 2.7.3 52 Chapter Quiz - Single-Area OSPFv2 Configuration 56 Your Chapter Notes 56 Chapter 3 Network Security Concepts 57 Introduction - 3.0 57 Why should I take this module? - 3.0.1 57 What will I learn in this module? - 3.0.2 57 Ethical Hacking Statement - 3.0.3 57 Current State of Cybersecurity - 3.1 58 Current State of Affairs - 3.1.1 58 Vectors of Network Attacks - 3.1.2 58 Data Loss - 3.1.3 59 Check Your Understanding - Current State of Cybersecurity - 3.1.4 60 Threat Actors - 3.2 60 The Hacker - 3.2.1 60 Evolution of Hackers - 3.2.2 61 Cyber Criminals - 3.2.3 61 Hacktivists - 3.2.4 61 State-Sponsored Hackers - 3.2.5 61 Check Your Understanding - Threat Actors - 3.2.6 62 Threat Actor Tools - 3.3 62 Video - Threat Actor Tools - 3.3.1 62 Introduction to Attack Tools - 3.3.2 62 Evolution of Security Tools - 3.3.3 62 Attack Types - 3.3.4 63 Check Your Understanding - Threat Actor Tools - 3.3.5 64 Malware - 3.4 64 Overview of Malware - 3.4.1 64 Viruses and Trojan Horses - 3.4.2 64 Other Types of Malware - 3.4.3 65 Check Your Understanding - Malware - 3.4.4 66 Common Network Attacks - 3.5 66 Overview of Network Attacks - 3.5.1 66 Video - Reconnaissance Attacks - 3.5.2 67 Reconnaissance Attacks - 3.5.3 67 Video - Access and Social Engineering Attacks - 3.5.4 68 Access Attacks - 3.5.5 68 Social Engineering Attacks - 3.5.6 69 Lab - Social Engineering - 3.5.7 70 Video - Denial of Service Attacks - 3.5.8 70 DoS and DDoS Attacks - 3.5.9 70 Check Your Understanding - Common Network Attacks - 3.5.10 71 IP Vulnerabilities and Threats - 3.6 71 Video - Common IP and ICMP Attacks - 3.6.1 71 IPv4 and IPv6 - 3.6.2 71 ICMP Attacks - 3.6.3 71 Video - Amplification, Reflection, and Spoofing Attacks - 3.6.4 72 Amplification and Reflection Attacks - 3.6.5 72 Address Spoofing Attacks - 3.6.6 72 Check Your Understanding - IP Vulnerabilities and Threats - 3.6.7 73 TCP and UDP Vulnerabilities - 3.7 73 TCP Segment Header - 3.7.1 73 TCP Services - 3.7.2 73 TCP Attacks - 3.7.3 74 UDP Segment Header and Operation - 3.7.4 74 UDP Attacks - 3.7.5 75 Check Your Understanding - TCP and UDP Vulnerabilities - 3.7.6 75 IP Services - 3.8 75 ARP Vulnerabilities - 3.8.1 75 ARP Cache Poisoning - 3.8.2 76 Video - ARP Spoofing - 3.8.3 76 DNS Attacks - 3.8.4 76 DNS Tunneling - 3.8.5 78 DHCP - 3.8.6 78 DHCP Attacks - 3.8.7 78 Lab - Explore DNS Traffic - 3.8.8 79 Network Security Best Practices - 3.9 80 Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability - 3.9.1 80 The Defense-in-Depth Approach - 3.9.2 80 Firewalls - 3.9.3 80 IPS - 3.9.4 81 Content Security Appliances - 3.9.5 81 Check Your Understanding - Network Security Best Practices - 3.9.6 82 Cryptography - 3.10 82 Video - Cryptography - 3.10.1 82 Securing Communications - 3.10.2 82 Data Integrity - 3.10.3 83 Hash Functions - 3.10.4 83 Origin Authentication - 3.10.5 84 Data Confidentiality - 3.10.6 85 Symmetric Encryption - 3.10.7 85 Asymmetric Encryption - 3.10.8 86 Diffie-Hellman - 3.10.9 87 Check Your Understanding - Cryptography - 3.10.10 88 Module Practice and Quiz - 3.11 88 What did I learn in this module? - 3.11.1 88 Chapter Quiz - Network Security Concepts 91 Your Chapter Notes 91 Chapter 4 ACL Concepts 93 Introduction - 4.0 93 Why should I take this module? - 4.0.1 93 What will I learn to do in this module? - 4.0.2 93 Purpose of ACLs - 4.1 93 What is an ACL? - 4.1.1 93 Packet Filtering - 4.1.2 95 ACL Operation - 4.1.3 95 Packet Tracer - ACL Demonstration - 4.1.4 96 Check Your Understanding - Purpose of ACLs - 4.1.5 96 Wildcard Masks in ACLs - 4.2 96 Wildcard Mask Overview - 4.2.1 96 Wildcard Mask Types - 4.2.2 97 Wildcard Mask Calculation - 4.2.3 97 Wildcard Mask Keywords - 4.2.4 98 Check Your Understanding - Wildcard Masks in ACLs - 4.2.5 99 Guidelines for ACL Creation - 4.3 99 Limited Number of ACLs per Interface - 4.3.1 99 ACL Best Practices - 4.3.2 99 Check Your Understanding - Guidelines for ACL Creation - 4.3.3 100 Types of IPv4 ACLs - 4.4 100 Standard and Extended ACLs - 4.4.1 100 Numbered and Named ACLs - 4.4.2 101 Where to Place ACLs - 4.4.3 102 Standard ACL Placement Example - 4.4.4 102 Extended ACL Placement Example - 4.4.5 103 Check Your Understanding - Guidelines for ACL Placement - 4.4.6 103 Module Practice and Quiz - 4.5 103 What did I learn in this module? - 4.5.1 103 Chapter Quiz - ACL Concepts 106 Your Chapter Notes 106 Chapter 5 ACLs for IPv4 Configuration 107 Introduction - 5.0 107 Why should I take this module? - 5.0.1 107 What will I learn to do in this module? - 5.0.2 107 Configure Standard IPv4 ACLs - 5.1 107 Create an ACL - 5.1.1 107 Numbered Standard IPv4 ACL Syntax - 5.1.2 108 Named Standard IPv4 ACL Syntax - 5.1.3 109 Apply a Standard IPv4 ACL - 5.1.4 109 Numbered Standard IPv4 ACL Example - 5.1.5 110 Named Standard IPv4 ACL Example - 5.1.6 111 Syntax Check - Configure Standard IPv4 ACLs - 5.1.7 112 Packet Tracer - Configure Numbered Standard IPv4 ACLs - 5.1.8 113 Packet Tracer - Configure Named Standard IPv4 ACLs - 5.1.9 113 Modify IPv4 ACLs - 5.2 113 Two Methods to Modify an ACL - 5.2.1 113 Text Editor Method - 5.2.2 113 Sequence Numbers Method - 5.2.3 114 Modify a Named ACL Example - 5.2.4 115 ACL Statistics - 5.2.5 116 Syntax Checker - Modify IPv4 ACLs - 5.2.6 116 Packet Tracer - Configure and Modify Standard IPv4 ACLs - 5.2.7 116 Secure VTY Ports with a Standard IPv4 ACL - 5.3 116 The access-class Command - 5.3.1 116 Secure VTY Access Example - 5.3.2 117 Verify the VTY Port is Secured - 5.3.3 118 Syntax Checker - Secure the VTY Ports - 5.3.4 118 Configure Extended IPv4 ACLs - 5.4 119 Extended ACLs - 5.4.1 119 Numbered Extended IPv4 ACL Syntax - 5.4.2 119 Protocols and Ports - 5.4.3 120 Protocols and Port Numbers Configuration Examples - 5.4.4 123 Apply a Numbered Extended IPv4 ACL - 5.4.5 123 TCP Established Extended ACL - 5.4.6 123 Named Extended IPv4 ACL Syntax - 5.4.7 124 Named Extended IPv4 ACL Example - 5.4.8 125 Edit Extended ACLs - 5.4.9 126 Another Named Extended IPv4 ACL Example - 5.4.10 127 Verify Extended ACLs - 5.4.11 128 Packet Tracer - Configure Extended IPv4 ACLs - Scenario 1 - 5.4.12 130 Packet Tracer - Configure Extended IPv4 ACLs - Scenario 2 - 5.4.13 130 Module Practice and Quiz - 5.5 130 Packet Tracer - IPv4 ACL Implementation Challenge - 5.5.1 130 Lab - Configure and Verify Extended IPv4 ACLs - 5.5.2 131 What did I learn in this module? - 5.5.3 131 Chapter Quiz - ACLs for IPv4 Implementation 133 Your Chapter Notes 133 Chapter 6 NAT for IPv4 135 Introduction - 6.0 135 Why should I take this module? - 6.0.1 135 What will I learn to do in this module? - 6.0.2 135 NAT Characteristics - 6.1 135 IPv4 Private Address Space - 6.1.1 135 What is NAT - 6.1.2 136 How NAT Works - 6.1.3 137 NAT Terminology - 6.1.4 137 Check Your Understanding - NAT Characteristics - 6.1.5 138 Types of NAT - 6.2 139 Static NAT - 6.2.1 139 Dynamic NAT - 6.2.2 139 Port Address Translation - 6.2.3 139 Next Available Port - 6.2.4 140 NAT and PAT Comparison - 6.2.5 140 Packets without a Layer 4 Segment - 6.2.6 141 Packet Tracer - Investigate NAT Operations - 6.2.7 141 NAT Advantages and Disadvantages - 6.3 142 Advantages of NAT - 6.3.1 142 Disadvantages of NAT - 6.3.2 142 Check Your Understanding - NAT Advantages and Disadvantages - 6.3.3 143 Static NAT - 6.4 143 Static NAT Scenario - 6.4.1 143 Configure Static NAT - 6.4.2 143 Analyze Static NAT - 6.4.3 144 Verify Static NAT - 6.4.4 144 Packet Tracer - Configure Static NAT - 6.4.5 145 Dynamic NAT - 6.5 146 Dynamic NAT Scenario - 6.5.1 146 Configure Dynamic NAT - 6.5.2 146 Analyze Dynamic NAT - Inside to Outside - 6.5.3 147 Analyze Dynamic NAT - Outside to Inside - 6.5.4 147 Verify Dynamic NAT - 6.5.5 148 Packet Tracer - Configure Dynamic NAT - 6.5.6 150 PAT - 6.6 150 PAT Scenario - 6.6.1 150 Configure PAT to Use a Single IPv4 Address - 6.6.2 150 Configure PAT to Use an Address Pool - 6.6.3 151 Analyze PAT - PC to Server - 6.6.4 151 Analyze PAT - Server to PC - 6.6.5 151 Verify PAT - 6.6.6 151 Packet Tracer - Configure PAT - 6.6.7 152 NAT64 - 6.7 153 NAT for IPv6? - 6.7.1 153 NAT64 - 6.7.2 153 Module Practice and Quiz - 6.8 153 Packet Tracer - Configure NAT for IPv4 - 6.8.1 153 Lab - Configure NAT for IPv4 - 6.8.2 154 What did I learn in this module? - 6.8.3 154 Chapter Quiz - NAT for IPv4 158 Your Chapter Notes 158 Chapter 7 WAN Concepts 159 Introduction - 7.0 159 Why should I take this module? - 7.0.1 159 What will I learn to do in this module? - 7.0.2 159 Purpose of WANs - 7.1 159 LANs and WANs - 7.1.1 159 Private and Public WANs - 7.1.2 160 WAN Topologies - 7.1.3 160 Carrier Connections - 7.1.4 162 Evolving Networks - 7.1.5 162 Check Your Understanding - Purpose of WANs - 7.1.6 164 WAN Operations - 7.2 164 WAN Standards - 7.2.1 164 WANs in the OSI Model - 7.2.2 164 Common WAN Terminology - 7.2.3 165 WAN Devices - 7.2.4 166 Serial Communication - 7.2.5 167 Circuit-Switched Communication - 7.2.6 168 Packet-Switched Communications - 7.2.7 168 SDH, SONET, and DWDM - 7.2.8 169 Check Your Understanding - WAN Operations - 7.2.9 169 Traditional WAN Connectivity - 7.3 169 Traditional WAN Connectivity Options - 7.3.1 169 Common WAN Terminology - 7.3.2 169 Circuit-Switched Options - 7.3.3 170 Packet-Switched Options - 7.3.4 171 Check Your Understanding - Traditional WAN Connectivity - 7.3.5 172 Modern WAN Connectivity - 7.4 172 Modern WANs - 7.4.1 172 Modern WAN Connectivity Options - 7.4.2 172 Ethernet WAN - 7.4.3 173 MPLS - 7.4.4 174 Check Your Understanding - Modern WAN Connectivity - 7.4.5 174 Internet-Based Connectivity - 7.5 174 Internet-Based Connectivity Options - 7.5.1 174 DSL Technology - 7.5.2 175 DSL Connections - 7.5.3 175 DSL and PPP - 7.5.4 176 Cable Technology - 7.5.5 176 Optical Fiber - 7.5.6 177 Wireless Internet-Based Broadband - 7.5.7 177 VPN Technology - 7.5.8 179 ISP Connectivity Options - 7.5.9 179 Broadband Solution Comparison - 7.5.10 180 Lab - Research Broadband Internet Access Options - 7.5.11 181 Module Practice and Quiz - 7.6 181 Packet Tracer - WAN Concepts - 7.6.1 181 What did I learn in this module? - 7.6.2 181 Chapter Quiz - WAN Concepts 184 Your Chapter Notes 184 Chapter 8 VPN and IPsec Concepts 185 Introduction - 8.0 185 Why should I take this module? - 8.0.1 185 What will I learn in this module? - 8.0.2 185 VPN Technology - 8.1 185 Virtual Private Networks - 8.1.1 185 VPN Benefits - 8.1.2 186 Site-to-Site and Remote-Access VPNs - 8.1.3 186 Enterprise and Service Provider VPNs - 8.1.4 186 Check Your Understanding - VPN Technology - 8.1.5 187 Types of VPNs - 8.2 187 Remote-Access VPNs - 8.2.1 187 SSL VPNs - 8.2.2 187 Site-to-Site IPsec VPNs - 8.2.3 188 GRE over IPsec - 8.2.4 188 Dynamic Multipoint VPNs - 8.2.5 189 IPsec Virtual Tunnel Interface - 8.2.6 189 Service Provider MPLS VPNs - 8.2.7 190 Check Your Understanding - Types of VPNs - 8.2.8 190 IPsec - 8.3 190 Video - IPsec Concepts - 8.3.1 190 IPsec Technologies - 8.3.2 190 IPsec Protocol Encapsulation - 8.3.3 191 Confidentiality - 8.3.4 192 Integrity - 8.3.5 192 Authentication - 8.3.6 192 Secure Key Exchange with Diffie-Hellman - 8.3.7 193 Video - IPsec Transport and Tunnel Mode - 8.3.8 193 Check Your Understanding - IPsec - 8.3.9 193 Module Practice and Quiz - 8.4 193 What did I learn in this module? - 8.4.1 193 Chapter Quiz - VPN and IPsec Concepts 195 Your Chapter Notes 195 Chapter 9 QoS Concepts 197 Introduction - 9.0 197 Why should I take this module? - 9.0.1 197 What will I learn to do in this module? - 9.0.2 197 Network Transmission Quality - 9.1 197 Video Tutorial - The Purpose of QoS - 9.1.1 197 Prioritizing Traffic - 9.1.2 197 Bandwidth, Congestion, Delay, and Jitter - 9.1.3 198 Packet Loss - 9.1.4 199 Check Your Understanding - Network Transmission Quality - 9.1.5 199 Traffic Characteristics - 9.2 199 Video Tutorial - Traffic Characteristics - 9.2.1 199 Network Traffic Trends - 9.2.2 199 Voice - 9.2.3 200 Video - 9.2.4 200 Data - 9.2.5 201 Check Your Understanding - Traffic Characteristics - 9.2.6 202 Queuing Algorithms - 9.3 202 Video Tutorial - QoS Algorithms - 9.3.1 202 Queuing Overview - 9.3.2 202 First In First Out - 9.3.3 202 Weighted Fair Queuing (WFQ) - 9.3.4 203 Class-Based Weighted Fair Queuing (CBWFQ) - 9.3.5 203 Low Latency Queuing (LLQ) - 9.3.6 204 Check Your Understanding - Queuing Algorithms - 9.3.7 204 QoS Models - 9.4 204 Video Tutorial - QoS Models - 9.4.1 204 Selecting an Appropriate QoS Policy Model - 9.4.2 204 Best Effort - 9.4.3 205 Integrated Services - 9.4.4 206 Differentiated Services - 9.4.5 206 Check Your Understanding - QoS Models - 9.4.6 208 QoS Implementation Techniques - 9.5 208 Video Tutorial - QoS Implementation Techniques - 9.5.1 208 Avoiding Packet Loss - 9.5.2 208 QoS Tools - 9.5.3 208 Classification and Marking - 9.5.4 209 Marking at Layer 2 - 9.5.5 210 Marking at Layer 3 - 9.5.6 210 Type of Service and Traffic Class Field - 9.5.7 211 DSCP Values - 9.5.8 211 Class Selector Bits - 9.5.9 211 Trust Boundaries - 9.5.10 211 Congestion Avoidance - 9.5.11 212 Shaping and Policing - 9.5.12 212 QoS Policy Guidelines - 9.5.13 213 Check Your Understanding - QoS Implementation Techniques - 9.5.14 213 Module Practice and Quiz - 9.6 213 What did I learn in this module? - 9.6.1 213 Chapter Quiz - QoS Concepts 216 Your Chapter Notes 216 Chapter 10 Network Management 217 Introduction - 10.0 217 Why should I take this module? - 10.0.1 217 What will I learn to do in this module? - 10.0.2 217 Device Discovery with CDP - 10.1 217 CDP Overview - 10.1.1 217 Configure and Verify CDP - 10.1.2 218 Discover Devices by Using CDP - 10.1.3 220 Syntax Checker - Configure and Verify CDP - 10.1.4 222 Packet Tracer - Use CDP to Map a Network - 10.1.5 222 Device Discovery with LLDP - 10.2 222 LLDP Overview - 10.2.1 222 Configure and Verify LLDP - 10.2.2 222 Discover Devices by Using LLDP - 10.2.3 223 Syntax Checker - Configure and Verify LLDP - 10.2.4 225 Check Your Understanding - Compare CDP and LLDP - 10.2.5 225 Packet Tracer - Use LLDP to Map a Network - 10.2.6 225 NTP - 10.3 225 Time and Calendar Services - 10.3.1 225 NTP Operation - 10.3.2 226 Configure and Verify NTP - 10.3.3 227 Packet Tracer - Configure and Verify NTP - 10.3.4 229 SNMP - 10.4 229 Introduction to SNMP - 10.4.1 229 SNMP Operation - 10.4.2 230 SNMP Agent Traps - 10.4.3 230 SNMP Versions - 10.4.4 231 Check Your Understanding - SNMP Versions - 10.4.5 232 Community Strings - 10.4.6 232 MIB Object ID - 10.4.7 233 SNMP Polling Scenario - 10.4.8 233 SNMP Object Navigator - 10.4.9 233 Lab - Research Network Monitoring Software - 10.4.10 234 Syslog - 10.5 234 Introduction to Syslog - 10.5.1 234 Syslog Operation - 10.5.2 234 Syslog Message Format - 10.5.3 235 Syslog Facilities - 10.5.4 236 Configure Syslog Timestamp - 10.5.5 236 Check Your Understanding - Syslog Operation - 10.5.6 237 Router and Switch File Maintenance - 10.6 237 Router File Systems - 10.6.1 237 Switch File Systems - 10.6.2 240 Use a Text File to Back Up a Configuration - 10.6.3 241 Use a Text File to Restore a Configuration - 10.6.4 241 Use TFTP to Back Up and Restore a Configuration - 10.6.5 242 USB Ports on a Cisco Router - 10.6.6 242 Use USB to Back Up and Restore a Configuration - 10.6.7 243 Password Recovery Procedures - 10.6.8 245 Password Recovery Example - 10.6.9 245 Packet Tracer - Back Up Configuration Files - 10.6.10 247 Lab - Use Tera Term to Manage Router Configuration Files - 10.6.11 248 Lab - Use TFTP, Flash, and USB to Manage Configuration Files - 10.6.12 248 Lab - Research Password Recovery Procedures - 10.6.13 248 IOS Image Management - 10.7 248 Video - Managing Cisco IOS Images - 10.7.1 248 TFTP Servers as a Backup Location - 10.7.2 248 Backup IOS Image to TFTP Server Example - 10.7.3 249 Copy an IOS Image to a Device Example - 10.7.4 250 The boot system Command - 10.7.5 251 Packet Tracer - Use a TFTP Server to Upgrade a Cisco IOS Image - 10.7.6 252 Module Practice and Quiz - 10.8 253 Packet Tracer - Configure CDP, LLDP, and NTP - 10.8.1 253 Lab - Configure CDP, LLDP, and NTP - 10.8.2 253 What did I learn in this module? - 10.8.3 253 Chapter Quiz - Network Management 257 Your Chapter Notes 257 Chapter 11 Network Design 259 Introduction - 11.0 259 Why should I take this module? - 11.0.1 259 What will I learn to do in this module? - 11.0.2 259 Hierarchical Networks - 11.1 259 Video - Three-Layer Network Design - 11.1.1 259 The Need to Scale the Network - 11.1.2 259 Borderless Switched Networks - 11.1.3 260 Hierarchy in the Borderless Switched Network - 11.1.4 261 Access, Distribution, and Core Layer Functions - 11.1.5 262 Three-Tier and Two-Tier Examples - 11.1.6 262 Role of Switched Networks - 11.1.7 263 Check Your Understanding - Hierarchical Networks - 11.1.8 263 Scalable Networks - 11.2 263 Design for Scalability - 11.2.1 263 Plan for Redundancy - 11.2.2 264 Reduce Failure Domain Size - 11.2.3 265 Increase Bandwidth - 11.2.4 265 Expand the Access Layer - 11.2.5 266 Tune Routing Protocols - 11.2.6 266 Check Your Understanding - Scalable Networks - 11.2.7 266 Switch Hardware - 11.3 266 Switch Platforms - 11.3.1 266 Switch Form Factors - 11.3.2 267 Port Density - 11.3.3 268 Forwarding Rates - 11.3.4 268 Power over Ethernet - 11.3.5 269 Multilayer Switching - 11.3.6 269 Business Considerations for Switch Selection - 11.3.7 270 Check Your Understanding - Switch Hardware - 11.3.8 270 Router Hardware - 11.4 270 Router Requirements - 11.4.1 270 Cisco Routers - 11.4.2 271 Router Form Factors - 11.4.3 271 Check Your Understanding - Router Hardware - 11.4.4 272 Module Practice and Quiz - 11.5 272 Packet Tracer - Compare Layer 2 and Layer 3 Devices - 11.5.1 272 What did I learn in this module? - 11.5.2 273 Chapter Quiz - Network Design 275 Your Chapter Notes 275 Chapter 12 Network Troubleshooting 277 Introduction - 12.0 277 Why should I take this module? - 12.0.1 277 What will I learn to do in this module? - 12.0.2 277 Network Documentation - 12.1 277 Documentation Overview - 12.1.1 277 Network Topology Diagrams - 12.1.2 278 Network Device Documentation - 12.1.3 279 Establish a Network Baseline - 12.1.4 279 Step 1 - Determine What Types of Data to Collect - 12.1.5 280 Step 2 - Identify Devices and Ports of Interest - 12.1.6 280 Step 3 - Determine the Baseline Duration - 12.1.7 280 Data Measurement - 12.1.8 281 Check Your Understanding - Network Documentation - 12.1.9 282 Troubleshooting Process - 12.2 282 General Troubleshooting Procedures - 12.2.1 282 Seven-Step Troubleshooting Process - 12.2.2 282 Question End Users - 12.2.3 284 Gather Information - 12.2.4 285 Troubleshooting with Layered Models - 12.2.5 286 Structured Troubleshooting Methods - 12.2.6 286 Guidelines for Selecting a Troubleshooting Method - 12.2.7 288 Check Your Understanding - Troubleshooting Process - 12.2.8 288 Troubleshooting Tools - 12.3 288 Software Troubleshooting Tools - 12.3.1 288 Protocol Analyzers - 12.3.2 289 Hardware Troubleshooting Tools - 12.3.3 289 Syslog Server as a Troubleshooting Tool - 12.3.4 290 Check Your Understanding - Troubleshooting Tools - 12.3.5 292 Symptoms and Causes of Network Problems - 12.4 292 Physical Layer Troubleshooting - 12.4.1 292 Data Link Layer Troubleshooting - 12.4.2 294 Network Layer Troubleshooting - 12.4.3 295 Transport Layer Troubleshooting - ACLs - 12.4.4 297 Transport Layer Troubleshooting - NAT for IPv4 - 12.4.5 298 Application Layer Troubleshooting - 12.4.6 299 Check Your Understanding - Symptoms and Causes of Network Problems - 12.4.7 300 Troubleshooting IP Connectivity - 12.5 300 Components of Troubleshooting End-to-End Connectivity - 12.5.1 300 End-to-End Connectivity Problem Initiates Troubleshooting - 12.5.2 301 Step 1 - Verify the Physical Layer - 12.5.3 303 Step 2 - Check for Duplex Mismatches - 12.5.4 304 Step 3 - Verify Addressing on the Local Network - 12.5.5 306 Step 4 - Verify Default Gateway - 12.5.7 310 Troubleshoot IPv6 Default Gateway Example - 12.5.8 311 Step 5 - Verify Correct Path - 12.5.9 314 Step 6 - Verify the Transport Layer - 12.5.10 315 Step 7 - Verify ACLs - 12.5.11 317 Step 8 - Verify DNS - 12.5.12 318 Packet Tracer - Troubleshoot Enterprise Networks - 12.5.13 319 Module Practice and Quiz - 12.6 319 Packet Tracer - Troubleshooting Challenge - Document the Network - 12.6.1 319 Packet Tracer - Troubleshooting Challenge - Use Documentation to Solve Issues - 12.6.2 319 What did I learn in this module? - 12.6.3 320 Chapter Quiz - Network Troubleshooting 324 Your Chapter Notes 324 Chapter 13 Network Virtualization 325 Introduction - 13.0 325 Why should I take this module? - 13.0.1 325 What will I learn to do in this module? - 13.0.2 325 Cloud Computing - 13.1 325 Video - Cloud and Virtualization - 13.1.1 325 Cloud Overview - 13.1.2 325 Cloud Services - 13.1.3 326 Cloud Models - 13.1.4 326 Cloud Computing versus Data Center - 13.1.5 327 Check Your Understanding - Cloud Computing - 13.1.6 327 Virtualization - 13.2 327 Cloud Computing and Virtualization - 13.2.1 327 Dedicated Servers - 13.2.2 328 Server Virtualization - 13.2.3 328 Advantages of Virtualization - 13.2.4 328 Abstraction Layers - 13.2.5 329 Type 2 Hypervisors - 13.2.6 330 Check Your Understanding - Virtualization - 13.2.7 330 Virtual Network Infrastructure - 13.3 330 Type 1 Hypervisors - 13.3.1 330 Installing a VM on a Hypervisor - 13.3.2 330 The Complexity of Network Virtualization - 13.3.3 331 Check Your Understanding - Virtual Network Infrastructure - 13.3.4 332 Software-Defined Networking - 13.4 332 Video - Software-Defined Networking - 13.4.1 332 Control Plane and Data Plane - 13.4.2 332 Network Virtualization Technologies - 13.4.3 333 Traditional and SDN Architectures - 13.4.4 334 Check Your Understanding - Software-Defined Networking - 13.4.5 334 Controllers - 13.5 334 SDN Controller and Operations - 13.5.1 334 Video - Cisco ACI - 13.5.2 335 Core Components of ACI - 13.5.3 335 Spine-Leaf Topology - 13.5.4 335 SDN Types - 13.5.5 336 APIC-EM Features - 13.5.6 336 APIC-EM Path Trace - 13.5.7 336 Check Your Understanding - Controllers - 13.5.8 337 Module Practice and Quiz - 13.6 337 Lab - Install Linux in a Virtual Machine and Explore the GUI - 13.6.1 337 What did I learn in this module? - 13.6.2 337 Chapter Quiz - Network Virtualization 341 Your Chapter Notes 341 Chapter 14 Network Automation 343 Introduction - 14.0 343 Why should I take this module? - 14.0.1 343 What will I learn in this module? - 14.0.2 343 Automation Overview - 14.1 343 Video - Automation Everywhere - 14.1.1 343 The Increase in Automation - 14.1.2 344 Thinking Devices - 14.1.3 344 Check Your Understanding - Benefits of Automation - 14.1.4 344 Data Formats - 14.2 344 Video - Data Formats - 14.2.1 344 The Data Formats Concept - 14.2.2 345 Data Format Rules - 14.2.3 345 Compare Data Formats - 14.2.4 346 JSON Data Format - 14.2.5 347 JSON Syntax Rules - 14.2.6 348 YAML Data Format - 14.2.7 349 XML Data Format - 14.2.8 350 Check Your Understanding - Data Formats - 14.2.9 351 APIs - 14.3 351 Video - APIs - 14.3.1 351 The API Concept - 14.3.2 352 An API Example - 14.3.3 352 Open, Internal, and Partner APIs - 14.3.4 352 Types of Web Service APIs - 14.3.5 353 Check Your Understanding - APIs - 14.3.6 354 REST - 14.4 354 Video - REST - 14.4.1 354 REST and RESTful API - 14.4.2 354 RESTful Implementation - 14.4.3 354 URI, URN, and URL - 14.4.4 355 Anatomy of a RESTful Request - 14.4.5 355 RESTful API Applications - 14.4.6 356 Check Your Understanding - REST - 14.4.7 357 Configuration Management Tools - 14.5 357 Video - Configuration Management Tools - 14.5.1 357 Traditional Network Configuration - 14.5.2 358 Network Automation - 14.5.3 358 Configuration Management Tools - 14.5.4 358 Compare Ansible, Chef, Puppet, and SaltStack - 14.5.5 359 Check Your Understanding - Configuration Management - 14.5.6 360 IBN and Cisco DNA Center - 14.6 360 Video - Intent-Based Networking - 14.6.1 360 Intent-Based Networking Overview - 14.6.2 360 Network Infrastructure as Fabric - 14.6.3 360 Cisco Digital Network Architecture (DNA) - 14.6.4 361 Cisco DNA Center - 14.6.5 362 Video - DNA Center Overview and Platform APIs - 14.6.6 362 Video - DNA Center Design and Provision - 14.6.7 363 Video - DNA Center Policy and Assurance - 14.6.8 363 Video - DNA Center Troubleshooting User Connectivity - 14.6.9 363 Check Your Understanding - IBN and Cisco DNA Center - 14.6.10 363 Module Practice and Quiz - 14.7 363 What did I learn in this module? - 14.7.1 363 Chapter Quiz - Network Automation 365 Your Chapter Notes 365 9780136634737   TOC   6/18/2020