Endoscopic Anatomy of the Middle Ear

• A Transmeatal approach (4 mm rigid scope).- B Transtympanic approach.- B 1 Anterior inferior transtympanic approach.- B 2 Posterior superior transtympanic approach (1.9 mm rigid scope).- B 3 Posterior inferior transtympanic approach (1.9 mm rigid scope).- C Transmastoid approach.- C 1 Through antrum.- C 2 Through facial recess (1.9 mm rigid scope).- D Transtubal approach (0.8 mm flexible steerable scope).- E Two-port approach (1.9 mm rigid scope, 30° ’ 0.8 mm flexible steerable scope).

"... Der Atlas stellt eine Bereicherung nicht nur fur den angehenden, sondern auch fur den erfahrenen Otologen dar." Annals of Anatomy 183/5