Claude Lecouteux (1943–2025) was a former professor of medieval literature and civilization at the Sorbonne and author of numerous books on medieval and pagan afterlife beliefs and magic, including The Book of Grimoires, Dictionary of Ancient Magic Words and Spells, and The Tradition of Household Spirits.

• Acknowledgments EDITOR'S NOTE How to Use this Encyclopedia INTRODUCTION Norse and Germanic Mythology and Folklore: Traditions of Considerable Influence Encyclopedia of Norse and Germanic Folklore, Mythology, and Magic From Aage to Zwiesauger Bibliography

“For libraries with specialized collections in anthropology, folklore, and mythology.”

Claude Lecouteux (1943–2025) was a former professor of medieval literature and civilization at the Sorbonne and author of numerous books on medieval and pagan afterlife beliefs and magic, including The Book of Grimoires, Dictionary of Ancient Magic Words and Spells, and The Tradition of Household Spirits.

• Acknowledgments EDITOR'S NOTE How to Use this Encyclopedia INTRODUCTION Norse and Germanic Mythology and Folklore: Traditions of Considerable Influence Encyclopedia of Norse and Germanic Folklore, Mythology, and Magic From Aage to Zwiesauger Bibliography

“For libraries with specialized collections in anthropology, folklore, and mythology.”

Claude Lecouteux (1943–2025) was a former professor of medieval literature and civilization at the Sorbonne and author of numerous books on medieval and pagan afterlife beliefs and magic, including The Book of Grimoires, Dictionary of Ancient Magic Words and Spells, and The Tradition of Household Spirits.

• Acknowledgments EDITOR'S NOTE How to Use this Encyclopedia INTRODUCTION Norse and Germanic Mythology and Folklore: Traditions of Considerable Influence Encyclopedia of Norse and Germanic Folklore, Mythology, and Magic From Aage to Zwiesauger Bibliography

“For libraries with specialized collections in anthropology, folklore, and mythology.”