Egypt During the Last Interglacial

The Middle Paleolithic of Bir Tarfawi and Bir Sahara East

Häftad, Engelska, 2012

Av Angela E. Close, Romuald Schild, Fred Wendorf, Angela E Close

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there was essentially no change for several hundreds of thousands of years, and it was during the Middle THE MODERN ENVIRONMENT Paleolithic, and probably early in that stage, that the The two depressions of Bir Tarfawi and Bir Sahara East are modem form of human being first appeared in Africa (Stringer and Andrews 1988).

Produktinformation

Utgivningsdatum2012-10-13
Mått210 x 280 x 33 mm
Vikt1 474 g
FormatHäftad
SpråkEngelska
Antal sidor596
FörlagSpringer-Verlag New York Inc.
ISBN9781461362616

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1. Introduction.- Stratigraphy, Paleoenvironment and Chronology.- 2. Contribution to the Stratigraphy of the Area of Bir Tarfawi and Bir Sahara East.- 3. Middle Paleolithic Lakes in the Southwestern Desert of Egypt.- 4. Sedimentology of Pleistocene Deposits Associated with Middle Paleolithic Sites in Bir Tarfawi and Bir Sahara East.- 5. Chemical Stratigraphy of Lacustrine Sequences Deposited During Latest Pleistocene Pluvial Periods in the Eastern Sahara.- 6. Lacustrine Paleoenvironments of the Area of Bir Sahara-Bir Tarfawi Area Reconstructed from Fossil Ostracods and the Chemistry of their Shells.- 7. Diatoms from the Pool in Section BT-A of Bir Tarfawi.- 8. The Middle Paleolithic Archaeofaunas from Bir Tarfawi (Western Desert, Egypt).- 9. Fish Remains from the Last Interglacial at Bir Tarfawi (Eastern Sahara, Egypt).- 10. Remains of Small Vertebrates from Bir Tarfawi and Their Paleoecological Significance.- 11. Uranium-Series Dating of Carbonates from Bir Tarfawi and Bir Sahara East.- 12. Bir Tarfawi: A Stratigraphic Test of Uranium-Series Dating of Tooth Enamel.- 13. Thermoluminescence Dating of Deposits from the Area of Bir Sahara East and Bir Tarfawi.- 14. Thermoluminescence Dates for Burnt Earth Samples from Bir Sahara East and a Burnt Core from Bir Tarfawi.- 15. Optical Dating of Sediment Samples from Bir Tarfawi and Bir Sahara East: An Initial Report.- 16. Electron Spin Resonance Dating of Tooth Enamel from Bir Tarfawi.- 17. ESR Study of Materials from the Middle Paleolithic of Bir Tarfawi.- 18. Chronology of Hominid Occupation at Bir Tarfawi and Bir Sahara East, Based on the Epimerization of Isoleucine in Ostrich Eggshells.- Middle Paleolithic Archaeology Archaeological Sites in the Northern Part (Section BT-A) of Bir Tarfawi.- 19. The Analysis of Middle Paleolithic Artifacts.- 20. E-88-14: An Assemblage Associated with the Tarfawi White Lake.- 21. Work at BT-14 During 1974.- 22. BT-14 Main Excavation: The Archaeological Sequence of the East Lake (1986 and 1987 Seasons).- 23. E-87-5: Occupations Dating to the Grey Phases.- Archaeological Sites in the Central Part (Section BT-B) of Bir Tarfawi.- 24. E-86-1: A Site Associated with the Sand Pan.- 25. E-87-4: A Sand Pan Site.- 26. E-87-1: A Locality Associated with the Sand Pan Delta.- 27. E-86-2: Occupations During the Grey and Green Phases.- 28. E-86-3: An Assemblage in Hydromorphic and Basin-Edge Sands of the Lower Lake (Grey Phase 3).- 29. E-86-4: Artifacts in Marsh-Related Sands of the Lower Lake (Grey Phase 3).- 30. E-87-2: A Site in Lake-Margin Deposits of the Green Phase.- 31. E-87-3: A Small, Dry-Season Occupation at the Onset of the Green Phase.- Archaeological Sites at Bir Sahara East.- 32. E-88-1: The Archaeology of the Sandsheet.- 33. BS-11: A Site in the Recessional Beach of West Lake 1.- 34. E-88-11: A Site Associated with West Lake 2.- 35. BS-12: A Site Associated with West Lake 2 (1988 Excavations).- 36. E-88-2: Occupations Associated with West Lake.- Syntheses.- 37. Spatial Analyses of Middle Paleolithic Localities in the Bir Tarfawi Basin: An Interpretative Studyad.- 38. Summary and Conclusions.- References.