Vivian Cook has taught at Ealing Technical College and North-East London Polytechnic; he now works at the University of Essex After writing EFL course-books, he concentrated on linguistics and language learning in books such as Chomsky’s Universal Grammar and Second Lang¬uage Learning and Language Teaching. His current interests are partly developing the concept of multi-compet¬ence through books such as Portraits of the L2 User and applying it to the design of language teaching materials, partly exploring the English writing system through books and articles. He was founding President of the European Second Language Association (EUROSLA).

• Acknowledgements Contributors 1 Vivian Cook: Introduction: The Changing L1 in the L2 User’s Mind2 Batia Laufer: The Influence of L2 on L1 Collocational Knowledge and on L1 Lexical Diversity in Free Written Expression3 Aneta Pavlenko: ‘I Feel Clumsy Speaking Russian’: L2 Influence on L1 in Narratives of Russian L2 Users of English4 Jasone Cenoz: The Intercultural Style Hypothesis: L1 and L2 Interaction in Requesting Behaviour5 Scott Jarvis: Probing the Effects of the L2 on the L1: A Case Study6 Graeme Porte: English from a Distance: Code-mixing and Blending in the L1 Output of Long-Term Resident Overseas EFL Teachers7 Jean-Marc Dewaele and Aneta Pavlenko: Productivity and Lexical Diversity in Native and Non-Native Speech: A Study of Cross-cultural Effects8 Victoria A. Murphy and Karen J. Pine: L2 Influence on L1 Linguistic Representations9 Patricia Balcom: Cross-linguistic Influence of L2 English on Middle Constructions in L1 French10 Vivian Cook, Elisabet Iarossi, Nektarios Stellakis and Yuki Tokumaru: Effects of the L2 on the Syntactic Processing of the L111 Teresa Satterfield: Economy of Interpretation: Patterns of Pronoun Selection in Transitional Bilinguals12 Ulrike Jessner: A Dynamic Approach to Language Attrition in Multilingual Systems13 Istvan Kecskes and Tunde Papp: How to Demonstrate the Conceptual Effect of L2 on L1? Methods and TechniquesIndex