• 1 Putting the ‘ECO-’ into ECOtoxicology.- 2 Ecology in ecotoxicology: some possible ‘rules of thumb’.- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 Reliability.- 2.3 Relevance.- 2.4 ‘Rules of thumb’.- 2.5 Conclusions.- References.- 3 Using demographic theory, community ecology and spatial models to illuminate ecotoxicology.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Stage-structured demographic models as an improvement on simply counting dead animals.- 3.3 Adapting recent advances in community ecology for predicting beyond single-species reponses in ecotoxicology.- 3.4 Using spatially explicit models to suggest how the scale and spatial patterning of a chemical stress influences its impact.- 3.5 Can ecology better serve environmental toxicology?.- 3.6 Conclusion.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 4 Indirect effects: concepts and approaches from ecological theory.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Simple types of indirect effects.- 4.3 Empirical studies to determine indirect effects.- 4.4 Estimating magnitudes of direct and indirect effects.- 4.5 Factors affecting the propagation of indirect effects.- 4.6 Indeterminacy of ecological interactions.- 4.7 Conclusions.- References.- 5 The dimensions of space and time in the assessment of ecotoxicological risks.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Space and time in ecotoxicology: arguments from first principles.- 5.3 Effects of temporal and spatial factors on ecotoxicological processes.- 5.4 The next steps in ecotoxicology.- References.- 6 Coping with variability in environmental impact assessment.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 The nature of environmental variation.- 6.3 Variation and impact assessment.- 6.4 Study designs and their assumptions.- 6.5 On natural variation, pseudoreplication, power and scale.- 6.6 Conclusions.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 7 Environmental stress andthe distribution of traits within populations.- 7.1 Are responses to environmental stress general?.- 7.2 Key definitions.- 7.3 Population tolerance distributions.- 7.4 Sensitivity in toxicology.- 7.5 Sensitivity in ecology.- 7.6 Variability in asexual versus sexual populations.- 7.7 Stress-caused changes in variability.- 7.8 Evidence for increased variability in response to stress?.- 7.9 Predicting variance changes in response to stress.- 7.10 Detecting effects of stress on variable systems.- 7.11 Promising directions for future inquiry.- 7.12 Concluding remarks.- Acknowledgements.- References.

...short, concisely written, ideas-driven reviews of dey issues making this a text suitable for both students and researchers - Ethology Ecology & Evolution

• 1 Putting the ‘ECO-’ into ECOtoxicology.- 2 Ecology in ecotoxicology: some possible ‘rules of thumb’.- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 Reliability.- 2.3 Relevance.- 2.4 ‘Rules of thumb’.- 2.5 Conclusions.- References.- 3 Using demographic theory, community ecology and spatial models to illuminate ecotoxicology.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Stage-structured demographic models as an improvement on simply counting dead animals.- 3.3 Adapting recent advances in community ecology for predicting beyond single-species reponses in ecotoxicology.- 3.4 Using spatially explicit models to suggest how the scale and spatial patterning of a chemical stress influences its impact.- 3.5 Can ecology better serve environmental toxicology?.- 3.6 Conclusion.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 4 Indirect effects: concepts and approaches from ecological theory.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Simple types of indirect effects.- 4.3 Empirical studies to determine indirect effects.- 4.4 Estimating magnitudes of direct and indirect effects.- 4.5 Factors affecting the propagation of indirect effects.- 4.6 Indeterminacy of ecological interactions.- 4.7 Conclusions.- References.- 5 The dimensions of space and time in the assessment of ecotoxicological risks.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Space and time in ecotoxicology: arguments from first principles.- 5.3 Effects of temporal and spatial factors on ecotoxicological processes.- 5.4 The next steps in ecotoxicology.- References.- 6 Coping with variability in environmental impact assessment.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 The nature of environmental variation.- 6.3 Variation and impact assessment.- 6.4 Study designs and their assumptions.- 6.5 On natural variation, pseudoreplication, power and scale.- 6.6 Conclusions.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 7 Environmental stress andthe distribution of traits within populations.- 7.1 Are responses to environmental stress general?.- 7.2 Key definitions.- 7.3 Population tolerance distributions.- 7.4 Sensitivity in toxicology.- 7.5 Sensitivity in ecology.- 7.6 Variability in asexual versus sexual populations.- 7.7 Stress-caused changes in variability.- 7.8 Evidence for increased variability in response to stress?.- 7.9 Predicting variance changes in response to stress.- 7.10 Detecting effects of stress on variable systems.- 7.11 Promising directions for future inquiry.- 7.12 Concluding remarks.- Acknowledgements.- References.

...short, concisely written, ideas-driven reviews of dey issues making this a text suitable for both students and researchers - Ethology Ecology & Evolution

• 1 Putting the ‘ECO-’ into ECOtoxicology.- 2 Ecology in ecotoxicology: some possible ‘rules of thumb’.- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 Reliability.- 2.3 Relevance.- 2.4 ‘Rules of thumb’.- 2.5 Conclusions.- References.- 3 Using demographic theory, community ecology and spatial models to illuminate ecotoxicology.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Stage-structured demographic models as an improvement on simply counting dead animals.- 3.3 Adapting recent advances in community ecology for predicting beyond single-species reponses in ecotoxicology.- 3.4 Using spatially explicit models to suggest how the scale and spatial patterning of a chemical stress influences its impact.- 3.5 Can ecology better serve environmental toxicology?.- 3.6 Conclusion.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 4 Indirect effects: concepts and approaches from ecological theory.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Simple types of indirect effects.- 4.3 Empirical studies to determine indirect effects.- 4.4 Estimating magnitudes of direct and indirect effects.- 4.5 Factors affecting the propagation of indirect effects.- 4.6 Indeterminacy of ecological interactions.- 4.7 Conclusions.- References.- 5 The dimensions of space and time in the assessment of ecotoxicological risks.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Space and time in ecotoxicology: arguments from first principles.- 5.3 Effects of temporal and spatial factors on ecotoxicological processes.- 5.4 The next steps in ecotoxicology.- References.- 6 Coping with variability in environmental impact assessment.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 The nature of environmental variation.- 6.3 Variation and impact assessment.- 6.4 Study designs and their assumptions.- 6.5 On natural variation, pseudoreplication, power and scale.- 6.6 Conclusions.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 7 Environmental stress andthe distribution of traits within populations.- 7.1 Are responses to environmental stress general?.- 7.2 Key definitions.- 7.3 Population tolerance distributions.- 7.4 Sensitivity in toxicology.- 7.5 Sensitivity in ecology.- 7.6 Variability in asexual versus sexual populations.- 7.7 Stress-caused changes in variability.- 7.8 Evidence for increased variability in response to stress?.- 7.9 Predicting variance changes in response to stress.- 7.10 Detecting effects of stress on variable systems.- 7.11 Promising directions for future inquiry.- 7.12 Concluding remarks.- Acknowledgements.- References.

...short, concisely written, ideas-driven reviews of dey issues making this a text suitable for both students and researchers - Ethology Ecology & Evolution