Ecosystem Services from Agriculture and Agroforestry

Bruno Rapidel is an agronomist working with CIRAD (France) and posted at CATIE (Central America). His main area of current research is on the methods to design agroforestry systems, using crop models and participatory approaches. He coordinates a scientific partnership platform established in CATIE between six partners to generate multi-disciplinary work to increase the competitiveness and sustainability of the agricultural sector of Mesoamerica through the quantification, valuing and development of all the potential products and environmental services of AFS with perennial crops. Fabrice DeClerck is a community and landscape ecologist at CATIE. His primary research interest are the conservation of biodiversity within agricultural landscapes, and the functional role that this conserved biodiversity plays in the provisioning of ecosystem services. He also participates in interdisciplinary research that explores how conservation can be promoted within the Mesoamerican context through different political, social and economic instruments. Jean-Francois Le Coq is an agro-economist working with CIRAD and posted at UNA, Heredia, Costa Rica. He carries on researches on agricultural and environmental policies, farmers' organizations and commodity chains. He specifically analyses the political framework and governance of the instruments of agro-environmental policies, payment for environmental services programs and green certifications schemes. John Beer is the Research and Development Director of CATIE where he has worked for the last 30 years on the value of agroforestry systems (AFS) as a systemic response to the complex problems faced by rural agricultural and forestry based communities. His specific research interests are in the potential of coffee and cacao AFS to provide ecosystem services including a focus on productivity and nutrient cycling as well as on the adaptation of different research and development methodologies for AFS.

• Contributors. Foreword. Introduction Part 1: Measuring Ecosystem Services 1. Principles and Methods for Assessing Climate Change Mitigation as an Ecosystem Service in Agroecosystems 2. Quantifying Services and Identifying Watershed Priority Areas for Soil and Water Conservation Programs 3. Measuring Biodiversity 4. Ecological Mechanisms for Pest and Disease Control in Coffee and Cacao Agroecosystems of the Neotropics 5. Services from Plant-pollinator Interactions in the Neotropics 6. Ecological Indexing as a Tool for the Payment of Ecosystem Services in Agricultural Landscapes: The Experience of the GEF Silvopastoral Project in Costa Rica, Nicaragua and Colombia Part 2: Marketing Ecosystem Services 7. Estimating the Cost and Benefits of Supplying Hydrological Ecosystem Services: An Application for Small-Scale Rural Drinking Water Organizations 8. Developing a Business Plan for Forestry and Other Land-use Based Carbon Projects 9. A Functional Anatomy of the Project-based Carbon Markets 10. The Value of Biodiversity in Agricultural Landscapes 11. PES and Ecolabel: A Comparative Analysis of Their Limits and Opportunities to Foster Environmental Services Provision Part 3: From Theory to Practice: Tales of Success and Lessons Learned 12. Leveraging and Sustainability of PES: Lessons learnt in Costa Rica 13. The Mexican PES Programme: Targeting for Higher Efficiency in Environmental Protection and Poverty Alleviation 14. Assessing the Impact of Institutional Design of Payments for Environmental Services: The Costa Rican Experience 15. Certification Process in the Coffee Value Chain: Achievements and Limits to Foster Provision of Environmental Services 16. Securing the Continuous Supply of Drinking Water in a Territory Requires Concerted Actions and Integrating Intervention Strategies: A case study in Cop�n Ruinas, Honduras 17. Payment for Environmental Services: Perfecting an Imperfect Market, Building Up Environmental Solutions 18. Measurement and Payment of Ecosystem Services from Agriculture and Agroforestry: New Insights from the Neotropics. Index

'Drawing together the findings of a decade of research, this book presents numerous lessons learned for targeting, designing, managing and monitoring agricultural PES. The contributors apply a rigorous and skeptical scientific eye to the body of experience, describing failures as well as successes, and highlight challenges that have not yet been solved.' Sara J. Scherr, President, EcoAgriculture Partners'This book compiles years of research and policy implementation on ecosystem services in the Neotropics, from measurement to certification and payment. It is essential reading for anyone looking to analyze experience to date and to identify future directions and challenges for sustaining ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes.' Gretchen Daily, Stanford University