Mónica Toussaint has a doctorate in Latin American Studies from UNAM and works as a full-time research professor and instructor in the postgraduate programs of the Instituto Mora. Published works include Diplomacia en tiempos de guerra, México, Instituto Mora/La Jornada/CIALC (UNAM), 2015.Marisol Garzón has a master’s degree in Modern and Contemporary History from the Instituto Mora and an undergraduate degree in Latin American Studies from UNAM. She has worked as adjunct researcher (by project) and research assistant at the Instituto Mora. Her areas of research are political and social violence in Central America, particularly in El Salvador.

• PART 1: Violence, refuge and trade on a porous border 1. Porous borders: The Soconusco between Chiapas and Guatemala, 1824-1882Armando Méndez Zárate2. Wars and Trade: The Chiapas-Guatemala cross-border space as a territory for political refuge, 1825-1863Juan Carlos Sarazúa3. Guatemalan refuge in Mexico: views on violence and forced displacement in recent history Marisol GarzónPART 2: Mexico and Guatemala: managing cross-border problems 4. Border issues and their historical management by local political institutions, 1930-1990María Dolores Palomo5. Institutional constraints for cross-border land-use planning in Guatemala and Mexico Federico Morales BarragánPART 3: Social and economic dynamics in the Mexico-Belize region6. Public institutions and border trade in the Mexico-Belize regional space Carlos Macías Richard7. Cross-border dynamics in the Mexico-Belize border region: types, characteristics and geographical location Juan Carlos Arriaga

Mónica Toussaint has a doctorate in Latin American Studies from UNAM and works as a full-time research professor and instructor in the postgraduate programs of the Instituto Mora. Published works include Diplomacia en tiempos de guerra, México, Instituto Mora/La Jornada/CIALC (UNAM), 2015.Marisol Garzón has a master’s degree in Modern and Contemporary History from the Instituto Mora and an undergraduate degree in Latin American Studies from UNAM. She has worked as adjunct researcher (by project) and research assistant at the Instituto Mora. Her areas of research are political and social violence in Central America, particularly in El Salvador.

• PART 1: Violence, refuge and trade on a porous border 1. Porous borders: The Soconusco between Chiapas and Guatemala, 1824-1882Armando Méndez Zárate2. Wars and Trade: The Chiapas-Guatemala cross-border space as a territory for political refuge, 1825-1863Juan Carlos Sarazúa3. Guatemalan refuge in Mexico: views on violence and forced displacement in recent history Marisol GarzónPART 2: Mexico and Guatemala: managing cross-border problems 4. Border issues and their historical management by local political institutions, 1930-1990María Dolores Palomo5. Institutional constraints for cross-border land-use planning in Guatemala and Mexico Federico Morales BarragánPART 3: Social and economic dynamics in the Mexico-Belize region6. Public institutions and border trade in the Mexico-Belize regional space Carlos Macías Richard7. Cross-border dynamics in the Mexico-Belize border region: types, characteristics and geographical location Juan Carlos Arriaga

Mónica Toussaint has a doctorate in Latin American Studies from UNAM and works as a full-time research professor and instructor in the postgraduate programs of the Instituto Mora. Published works include Diplomacia en tiempos de guerra, México, Instituto Mora/La Jornada/CIALC (UNAM), 2015.Marisol Garzón has a master’s degree in Modern and Contemporary History from the Instituto Mora and an undergraduate degree in Latin American Studies from UNAM. She has worked as adjunct researcher (by project) and research assistant at the Instituto Mora. Her areas of research are political and social violence in Central America, particularly in El Salvador.

• PART 1: Violence, refuge and trade on a porous border 1. Porous borders: The Soconusco between Chiapas and Guatemala, 1824-1882Armando Méndez Zárate2. Wars and Trade: The Chiapas-Guatemala cross-border space as a territory for political refuge, 1825-1863Juan Carlos Sarazúa3. Guatemalan refuge in Mexico: views on violence and forced displacement in recent history Marisol GarzónPART 2: Mexico and Guatemala: managing cross-border problems 4. Border issues and their historical management by local political institutions, 1930-1990María Dolores Palomo5. Institutional constraints for cross-border land-use planning in Guatemala and Mexico Federico Morales BarragánPART 3: Social and economic dynamics in the Mexico-Belize region6. Public institutions and border trade in the Mexico-Belize regional space Carlos Macías Richard7. Cross-border dynamics in the Mexico-Belize border region: types, characteristics and geographical location Juan Carlos Arriaga