Grazia Lamanna is currently a Senior Lecturer in aerospace thermodynamics and fluid dynamics at the University of Stuttgart in the Faculty of Aerospace Engineering and Geodesy. She received her M.Sc. degrees from the University of Napoli “Federico II” in 1994 (Summa cum Laude) and holds a Ph.D. degree in applied physics (2000) from the Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e) in the Netherlands. She was a research fellow at the Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Groningen (NL) in 1995. Her current research focuses on understanding the complex interplay between fluid dynamic and non-equilibrium thermodynamic processes in high-pressure fluids. She studies the fundamentals of these processes (e.g., non-equilibrium phase transitions, mixing, relaxation processes) that are relevant for applications in propulsion (liquid rocket and internal combustion engines) and in energy conversion systems (e.g., supercritical CO2 power plants). Specifically, she develops advanced diagnostic methods to investigate: 1) fluid injection at supercritical and transcritical conditions; 2) non-equilibrium condensation and evaporation processes at high-pressure; 3) the damping of density/temperature fluctuations by relaxation processes in the supercritical region to obtain information on the dynamic response of supercritical fluids. These investigations are important to formulate improved closure relations for the modelling of transport processes in fluid dynamic applications. Christoph Steinhausen is currently a Junior Researcher in aerospace thermodynamics and fluid dynamics at the University of Stuttgart in the Faculty of Aerospace Engineering and Geodesy. He received his M.Sc. degrees in Mechanical- and Process Engineering from the Technical University of Darmstadt in 2015. Since 2015 he is working on his Ph.D. degree in aerospace engineering at the Institute of Aerospace Thermodynamics of the University of Stuttgart. His Ph.D. thesis has been accepted earlier this year and will be defended later this year. His current research focuses on experimental investigations regarding the understanding of the complex interplay between fluid dynamic and non-equilibrium thermodynamic processes at high-pressure and high-temperature conditions. He applies laser-induced thermal acoustics and other experimental techniques to study the fundamentals of processes, such as non-equilibrium phase transitions, mixing as well as relaxation processes. These processes are relevant for propulsion and energy conversion applications. Specifically, he develops and applies advanced diagnostic methods to investigate: 1) fluid injection at supercritical and transcritical conditions; 2) evaporation processes at high-pressure conditions; 3) the damping of density/temperature fluctuations by relaxation processes in the supercritical region to obtain information on the dynamic response of supercritical fluids. These investigations are important to formulate improved closure relations for the modelling of transport processes in fluid dynamic applications.

• Metadata Key Terms, Definitions 1. Introduction 2. Review On Thermodynamics Of Supercritical Fluids 3. Experimental Facility For Laser-Induced Thermal Acoustics Investigations 4. Laser-Induced Thermal Acoustics 5. Experimental Facility For Polarised Mie Scattering Investigations 6. Polarised Mie Scattering By Applying Structured Laser Illuminated Planar Imaging At High Pressure Conditions 7. Fluid Dynamic Response Across The Widom Region 8. Examples Of Near-Critical Phase Transitions 9. Conclusion

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Grazia Lamanna is currently a Senior Lecturer in aerospace thermodynamics and fluid dynamics at the University of Stuttgart in the Faculty of Aerospace Engineering and Geodesy. She received her M.Sc. degrees from the University of Napoli “Federico II” in 1994 (Summa cum Laude) and holds a Ph.D. degree in applied physics (2000) from the Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e) in the Netherlands. She was a research fellow at the Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Groningen (NL) in 1995. Her current research focuses on understanding the complex interplay between fluid dynamic and non-equilibrium thermodynamic processes in high-pressure fluids. She studies the fundamentals of these processes (e.g., non-equilibrium phase transitions, mixing, relaxation processes) that are relevant for applications in propulsion (liquid rocket and internal combustion engines) and in energy conversion systems (e.g., supercritical CO2 power plants). Specifically, she develops advanced diagnostic methods to investigate: 1) fluid injection at supercritical and transcritical conditions; 2) non-equilibrium condensation and evaporation processes at high-pressure; 3) the damping of density/temperature fluctuations by relaxation processes in the supercritical region to obtain information on the dynamic response of supercritical fluids. These investigations are important to formulate improved closure relations for the modelling of transport processes in fluid dynamic applications. Christoph Steinhausen is currently a Junior Researcher in aerospace thermodynamics and fluid dynamics at the University of Stuttgart in the Faculty of Aerospace Engineering and Geodesy. He received his M.Sc. degrees in Mechanical- and Process Engineering from the Technical University of Darmstadt in 2015. Since 2015 he is working on his Ph.D. degree in aerospace engineering at the Institute of Aerospace Thermodynamics of the University of Stuttgart. His Ph.D. thesis has been accepted earlier this year and will be defended later this year. His current research focuses on experimental investigations regarding the understanding of the complex interplay between fluid dynamic and non-equilibrium thermodynamic processes at high-pressure and high-temperature conditions. He applies laser-induced thermal acoustics and other experimental techniques to study the fundamentals of processes, such as non-equilibrium phase transitions, mixing as well as relaxation processes. These processes are relevant for propulsion and energy conversion applications. Specifically, he develops and applies advanced diagnostic methods to investigate: 1) fluid injection at supercritical and transcritical conditions; 2) evaporation processes at high-pressure conditions; 3) the damping of density/temperature fluctuations by relaxation processes in the supercritical region to obtain information on the dynamic response of supercritical fluids. These investigations are important to formulate improved closure relations for the modelling of transport processes in fluid dynamic applications.

• Metadata Key Terms, Definitions 1. Introduction 2. Review On Thermodynamics Of Supercritical Fluids 3. Experimental Facility For Laser-Induced Thermal Acoustics Investigations 4. Laser-Induced Thermal Acoustics 5. Experimental Facility For Polarised Mie Scattering Investigations 6. Polarised Mie Scattering By Applying Structured Laser Illuminated Planar Imaging At High Pressure Conditions 7. Fluid Dynamic Response Across The Widom Region 8. Examples Of Near-Critical Phase Transitions 9. Conclusion

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Grazia Lamanna is currently a Senior Lecturer in aerospace thermodynamics and fluid dynamics at the University of Stuttgart in the Faculty of Aerospace Engineering and Geodesy. She received her M.Sc. degrees from the University of Napoli “Federico II” in 1994 (Summa cum Laude) and holds a Ph.D. degree in applied physics (2000) from the Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e) in the Netherlands. She was a research fellow at the Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Groningen (NL) in 1995. Her current research focuses on understanding the complex interplay between fluid dynamic and non-equilibrium thermodynamic processes in high-pressure fluids. She studies the fundamentals of these processes (e.g., non-equilibrium phase transitions, mixing, relaxation processes) that are relevant for applications in propulsion (liquid rocket and internal combustion engines) and in energy conversion systems (e.g., supercritical CO2 power plants). Specifically, she develops advanced diagnostic methods to investigate: 1) fluid injection at supercritical and transcritical conditions; 2) non-equilibrium condensation and evaporation processes at high-pressure; 3) the damping of density/temperature fluctuations by relaxation processes in the supercritical region to obtain information on the dynamic response of supercritical fluids. These investigations are important to formulate improved closure relations for the modelling of transport processes in fluid dynamic applications. Christoph Steinhausen is currently a Junior Researcher in aerospace thermodynamics and fluid dynamics at the University of Stuttgart in the Faculty of Aerospace Engineering and Geodesy. He received his M.Sc. degrees in Mechanical- and Process Engineering from the Technical University of Darmstadt in 2015. Since 2015 he is working on his Ph.D. degree in aerospace engineering at the Institute of Aerospace Thermodynamics of the University of Stuttgart. His Ph.D. thesis has been accepted earlier this year and will be defended later this year. His current research focuses on experimental investigations regarding the understanding of the complex interplay between fluid dynamic and non-equilibrium thermodynamic processes at high-pressure and high-temperature conditions. He applies laser-induced thermal acoustics and other experimental techniques to study the fundamentals of processes, such as non-equilibrium phase transitions, mixing as well as relaxation processes. These processes are relevant for propulsion and energy conversion applications. Specifically, he develops and applies advanced diagnostic methods to investigate: 1) fluid injection at supercritical and transcritical conditions; 2) evaporation processes at high-pressure conditions; 3) the damping of density/temperature fluctuations by relaxation processes in the supercritical region to obtain information on the dynamic response of supercritical fluids. These investigations are important to formulate improved closure relations for the modelling of transport processes in fluid dynamic applications.

• Metadata Key Terms, Definitions 1. Introduction 2. Review On Thermodynamics Of Supercritical Fluids 3. Experimental Facility For Laser-Induced Thermal Acoustics Investigations 4. Laser-Induced Thermal Acoustics 5. Experimental Facility For Polarised Mie Scattering Investigations 6. Polarised Mie Scattering By Applying Structured Laser Illuminated Planar Imaging At High Pressure Conditions 7. Fluid Dynamic Response Across The Widom Region 8. Examples Of Near-Critical Phase Transitions 9. Conclusion

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