Drugs and the American Dream

Patricia A. Adler is Professor of Sociology at the University of Colorado, Boulder. Her areas of interest are deviant behavior, social psychology, and qualitative methods. Her classic book, Wheeling and Dealing (1993), was one of the first explorations of upper-level drug dealers and smugglers. Peter Adler is Professor of Sociology at the University of Denver. His areas of interest are sociology of drugs, sociology of sport, and symbolic interactionism. Along with Patricia, he has written many books, including Backboards & Blackboards (1991), Peer Power (1998), Paradise Laborers (2004), and The Tender Cut (2011).Together, the Adlers were honored with the 2010 George Herbert Mead Award for Lifetime Achievement by the Society for the Study of Symbolic Interaction.Patrick K. O'Brien is a doctoral candidatein Sociology at the University of Colorado, Boulder. In 2010, O'Brien won the Outstanding Graduate Student Paper from the Drinking and Drugs Division of the Society for the Study of Social Problems.

• List of Figures and Tables xi Preface and Acknowledgments xiiiSource Acknowledgments xxiiAbout the Editors xxviiiAbout the Contributors xxxMatrix of Drugs Addressed xliiiPart I: Perspectives on Drug Use 1History and Theory1. Harvey A. Siegal and James A. Inciardi: A Brief History of Alcohol 42. David F. Musto: The American Disease: Narcotics in Nineteenth-Century America 93. James A. Inciardi and Theodore J. Cicero: Black Beauties, Gorilla Pills, Footballs, and Hillbilly Heroin: Prescription Drug Abuse over the Past 40 Years 184. Norman E. Zinberg and Wayne M. Harding: Control and Intoxicant Use: A Theoretical and Practical Overview 24Drug Scares and Moral Panics5. Joseph R. Gusfield: Symbolic Crusade: Status Politics and the American Temperance Movement 336. Craig Reinarman: The Social Construction of Drug Scares 407. Justin L. Tuggle and Malcolm D. Holmes: Blowing Smoke: Status Politics and the Smoking Ban 488. Dale D. Chitwood, Sheigla Murphy, and Marsha Rosenbaum: Reflections on the Meaning of Drug Epidemics 55Part II: Social Correlates of Drug Use 61Race/Ethnicity9. Todd G. Pierce: Gen-X Junkie: Young White Heroin Users in Washington, DC 6410. Avelardo Valdez, Kathryn Nowotny, and Alice Cepeda: The Intersection of Drug Use and Crime over the Life Course of Mexican-American Former Gang Members 7211. Philippe Bourgois and Jeff Schonberg: Righteous Dopefi end 8012. Karen A. Joe Laidler: The Lives and Times of Asian-Pacific American Women Methamphetamine Users 8713. Paul Spicer: Toward a (Dys)functional Anthropology of Drinking: Ambivalence and the American Indian Experience with Alcohol 94Social Class14. Eloise Dunlap, Andrew Golub, and Bruce D. Johnson: The Severely Distressed African American Family in the Crack Era: Empowerment Is Not Enough 10215. Matthew Petrocelli, Trish Oberweis, and Joseph Petrocelli: Getting Huge, Getting Ripped: An Exploration of Recreational Steroid Use 11216. Dean A. Dabney and Richard C. Hollinger: Drugged Druggists: The Convergence of Two Criminal Career Trajectories 12017. A. Rafi k Mohamed and Erik D. Fritsvold: Why Rich Kids Sell Street Drugs: Wankstaz, Wannabes, and Capitalists in Training 131Gender18. Katherine Sirles Vecitis: Drugs and Eating Disorders: Women’s Instrumental Drug Use for Weight Control 14119. Robert L. Peralta: College Alcohol Use and the Embodiment of Hegemonic Masculinity among European American Men 15220. Monica Hardesty and Timothy Black: Mothering Through Addiction: A Survival Strategy among Puerto Rican Addicts 161Youth and Aging21. Patricia A. Adler and Peter Adler: Tinydopers: A Case Study of Deviant Socialization 17422. Meika Loe and Leigh Cuttino: Grappling with the Medicated Self: The Case of ADHD College Students 18423. Tammy L. Anderson and Judith A. Levy: Marginality among Older Injectors in Today’s Illicit Drug Culture: Assessing the Impact of Ageing 19324. Miriam Williams Boeri, Claire E. Sterk, and Kirk W. Elifson: Baby Boomer Drug Users: Career Phases, Identity, Self-Concept, and Social Control 203Part III: Drug Lifestyles 213Managing Drug Use25. Brian C. Kelly: Club Drug Use and Risk Management among “Bridge and Tunnel” Youth 21526. René D. Drumm, Duane C. McBride, Lisa Metsch, Melodie Neufeld, and Alex Sawatsky: “I’m a Health Nut!” Street Drug Users’ Accounts of Self-Care Strategies 22427. José A. Bauermeister: Latino Gay Men’s Drug Functionality 23128. Wendy Chapkis: Cannabis, Consciousness, and Healing 24029. Patricia A. Adler: The Dealing Lifestyle 249The Economics of Drugs30. Lisa Maher and Kathleen Daly: Women in the Street-Level Drug Economy: Continuity or Change? 25731. Steven D. Levitt and Sudhir Alladi Venkatesh: An Economic Analysis of a Drug-Selling Gang’s Finances 266Crime and Violence32. Paul J. Goldstein: The Drugs/Violence Nexus: A Tripartite Conceptual Framework 27733. Bruce A. Jacobs, Volkan Topalli, and Richard Wright: Managing Retaliation: Drug Robbery and Informal Sanction Threats 28534. Stephanie Brophy: Mexico: Cartels, Corruption, and Cocaine: A Profi le of the Gulf Cartel 29535. Peter Reuter: Systemic Violence in Drug Markets 305Part IV: Societal Response to Drug Use 313Education36. Earl Wysong and David W. Wright: A Decade of DARE: Efficacy, Politics and Drug Education 31637. Marsha Rosenbaum: Safety First: A Reality-Based Approach to Teens, Drugs, and Drug Education 327Treatment38. George De Leon: The Therapeutic Community: Perspective and Approach 33639. Lee Garth Vigilant: Illness Narratives of Recovering on Methadone Maintenance 34440. Robert Granfi eld and William Cloud: The Elephant that No One Sees: Natural Recovery among Middle-Class Addicts 35141. James L. Nolan, Jr: Drug Treatment Courts and the Disease Paradigm 359Policy42. Stanton Peele: Reducing Harms from Youth Drinking 37043. Duane C. McBride, Yvonne Terry-McElrath, Henrick Harwood, James A. Inciardi, and Carl Leukefeld: Refl ections on Drug Policy 37844. Ethan Nadelmann: Think Again: Drugs 38645. Harry G. Levine: The Secret of Global Drug Prohibition: Its Uses and Crises 391Index 400

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