Drug Utilization Research

Editors Monique Elseviers, Björn Wettermark, Tanja Mueller, Ria Benkő, Marion Bennie, Katarina Gvozdanović, Mikael Hoffmann, Irina Iaru, Verica Ivanovska, Seán MacBride-Stewart, Elisabetta Poluzzi, Lisa Pont, Hege Salvesen Blix, Gabriel Sanfélix-Gimeno, Gisbert Selke, Katja Taxis, Ana Tomas Petrović, Indrė Trečiokienė, Sabine Vogler

• List of contributors ixPreface to the second edition xviiAcknowledgements xixAbout the companion website xxiiiPart 1 Introduction to drug utilization research 11 Introduction to drug utilization research 3Björn Wettermark, Monique Elseviers, Tanja Mueller, Anna Birna Almarsdottir, Ria Benkö, Marion Bennie, Irina Iaru, Katarina Gvozdanovic, Mikael Hoffmann, Verica Ivanovska, Seán MacBride-Stewart, Elisabetta Poluzzi, Lisa G. Pont, Hege Salvesen Blix, Gabriel Sanfelix-Gimeno, Gisbert W. Selke, Katja Taxis, Ana Tomas Petrovic, Indre Treciokiene, and Sabine VoglerPart 2 Methodology of drug utilization research 152.1 Research methods in drug utilization research 17Björn Wettermark, Indre Treciokiene, Sofia Kälvemark Sporrong, and Louise C. Druedahl2.2 Qualitative methods in drug utilization research 25Louise C. Druedahl and Sofia Kälvemark Sporrong2.3 Quantitative studies in drug utilization research 41Björn Wettermark, Monique Elseviers, and Cristina Mihaela Ghiucic2.4 Descriptive studies in drug utilization research 51Cristina Mihaela Ghiciuc, Indre Treciokiene, Björn Wettermark, and Monique Elseviers2.5 Analytical studies in drug utilization research 63Per-Jostein Samuelsen, Björn Wettermark, and Monique Elseviers2.6 Intervention studies in drug utilisation research 73Tanja Mueller, Giampiero Mazzaglia, and Carlos E. Durán2.7 Statistics in drug utilization research 82Monique Elseviers2.8 Primary drug utilization data 95Tatiana Chama Borges Luz and Evalill Nilsson2.9 Secondary drug utilization data 104Mohammadhossein Hajiebrahimi, Lisa G. Pont, and Kristina Garuoliene2.10 Classification systems in drug utilization 115Hege Salvesen Blix, Stuart McTaggart, and Robert Vander Stichele2.11 Measuring volumes in drug utilization 126Hege Salvesen Blix and Mikael Hoffmann2.12 Measuring price and expenditure in drug utilization 137Sabine Vogler2.13 Aggregate-level drug utilization analyses 148Indre Treciokiene and Claudia Garcia Serpa Osorio-de-Castro2.14 Individual-level drug utilization analyses 158Lotte Rasmussen, Björn Wettermark, Mikael Hoffmann, and Douglas Steinke2.15 Multilevel analyses in drug utilization research 169Juan Merlo and George Leckie2.16 Visualization of drug utilization data 188Maria Matuz, Ria Benko, and Mikael Hoffmann2.17 Artificial intelligence and machine learning in drug utilization research 205Maurizio Sessa, Saeed Shakibfar, Morten Andersen, and Jing Zhao2.18 Ethics in drug utilization research 215Indre Treciokiene, Sofia Kälvemark Sporrong, Björn Wettermark, and Louise C. DruedahlPart 3 Applied drug utilization research 223Section 3.1 Drug utilization research and health policy 2253.1.1 Pharmaceutical policy and drug utilization: Definitions, concepts, and taxonomies 225Sabine Vogler and Anna Birna Almarsdóttir3.1.2 Managed introduction of new medicines in healthcare systems 233Irina Iaru and Sabine Vogler3.1.3 Promoting appropriate use of medicines in a healthcare system 248Marion Bennie, Amanj Kurdi, and Yared Santa-Ana-TéllezSection 3.2 Comparative drug utilization research 2583.2.1 Introduction to comparative drug utilization research 258Seán MacBride-Stewart and Ana Tomas Petrovic3.2.2 Comparison of drug utilization across countries 260Yared Santa-Ana Tellez and Monique Elseviers3.2.3 Comparative drug utilization research comparing regions within countries 271Seán MacBride-Stewart3.2.4 Comparison of drug utilization across different prescribers and different health care settings 280Seán MacBride-Stewart, Ksenia Zagorodnikova, and Irene Langner3.2.5 Comparative drug utilization research comparing different patients 292Ana Tomas Petrovic and Mia von EulerSection 3.3 Drug utilization research in specific populations 3033.3.1 Drug utilization in pregnant women 303Hedvig Nordeng and Marleen van Gelder3.3.2 Drug utilization in the paediatric population 314Antonio Clavenna and Ingvild Odsbu3.3.3 Drug utilization in older people 321Petra Denig and Katharina Schmidt-MendeSection 3.4 Drug utilization research in specific therapeutic areas 3313.4.1 Introduction to methodological issues in specific therapeutic areas 3313.4.2 Drug utilization research on cardiovascular medicines 332Elisabetta Poluzzi, Ana Tomas Petrovic, and Björn Wettermark3.4.3 Drug utilization research on antibacterials 342Ria Benko and Samuel Coenen3.4.4 Drugs utilization research in specific therapeutic areas - opioids 352Aleksi Hamina, Svetlana Skurtveit, and Mikael Hoffmann3.4.5 Drug utilization research on selected psychotropics 363Jonathan Brett and Helga Zoega3.4.6 Drug utilization research in the area of cancer drugs 373Tanja Mueller and Mikael HoffmannSection 3.5 Adherence and drug utilization research 3813.5.1 Introduction to medication adherence research 381Bernard Vrijens3.5.2 Assessment of medication adherence in field research 387Monique Elseviers and Bernard Vrijens3.5.3 Assessment of medication adherence in databases 397Gabriel Sanfélix Gimeno and Tanja Mueller3.5.4 Interventions to improve medication adherence 406Catherine Goetzinger and Marie P. Schneider3.5.5 Digital tools and medication adherence 419Alexandra L. Dima, Urska Nabergoj-Makovec, and Job F.M. van BovenSection 3.6 The role of drug utilization in the broader field of health research 4283.6.1 Risk management and drug utilization research 428Giampiero Mazzaglia, Ippazio Cosimo Antonazzo, and Peter Mol3.6.2 Pharmacovigilance and drug utilization research 437Katarina Gvozdanovic, Bernard Begauld, and Emanuel Raschi3.6.3 The role of drug utilization in outcomes research 445Henrik Toft Sørensen, Gianluca Trifirò, and Evalill Nilsson3.6.4 Pharmacoeconomics and drug utilization research 456Cara Usher, Kathleen Bennett, Lorenzo G. Mantovani, and Dyfrig Hughes3.6.5 The environment and drug utilisation research 464Marmar Nekoro, Johanna Villén, and Ana Tomas PetrovicSection 3.7 Assessment and improvement of the quality of medicine use 4823.7.1 Defining the quality of medicines use 482Seán MacBride-Stewart3.7.2 Assessing the quality of medication use 488Petra Denig, Björn Wettermark, and Wade Thompson3.7.3 Challenges in the quality of medicine use 498Katja Taxis and Carl Llor3.7.4 Development and evaluation of interventions to improve the quality of medicine use 505Seán MacBride-Stewart and Katja Taxis3.7.5 Implementation of interventions to enhance quality use of medicines 517Liset van Dijk and Marcia Vervloet3.7.6 Patient perspectives 525Janine Traulsen and Janet KrskaPart 4 Drug utilization research around the world 5354.1 Introduction to drug utilization research around the world 537Monique Elseviers4.2 Drug utilization research in Africa 541Ilse Truter, Johanita Burger, and Joseph Fadare4.3 Drug utilization research in the Eastern Mediterranean region 546Mamoon A. Aldeyab, Zainab Said Al-Hashimy, and Maha Talaat4.4 Drug utilization research in South-East Asia 551Anita Kotwani, Nithima Sumpradit, and Aminath Moomina4.5 Drug utilization research in the Western Pacific Region 557Lisa G. Pont, Tuan Anh Nguyen, and Elizabeth Roughead4.6 Drug utilization research in North America 563Juan M. Hincapie-Castillo, Shawn Bugden, and Ingrid Sketris4.7 Drug utilization research in South and Central America 569Claudia Garcia Serpa Osorio-de-Castro, Luciane Cruz Lopes, and Carlos E. Durán4.8 Drug utilization research in Europe 574Marion Bennie, Lotte Rasmussen, and Janne Sepp4.9 The Glasgow Declaration 580Monique Elseviers, Björn Wettermark, Tanja Mueller, Anna Birna Almarsdottir, Ria Benkö, Marion Bennie, Irina Iaru, Katarina Gvozdanovic, Mikael Hoffmann, Verica Ivanovska, Seán MacBride-Stewart, Elisabetta Poluzzi, Lisa G. Pont, Hege Salvesen Blix, Gabriel Sanfelix-Gimeno, Gisbert W. Selke, Katja Taxis, Ana Tomas Petrovic, Indre Treciokiene, and Sabine VoglerIndex 583