Karolina Koc-Michalska is Associate Professor at the Audencia Business School, Nantes, France and Associated Researcher at CEVIPOF – Sciences-Po, Paris, France. Her research focuses on the strategies of political actors in the online environment and citizens’ political engagement, especially the role of motivations and encouragement in both the online and the offline environment. Darren G. Lilleker is Associate Professor of Political Communication and Head of the Corporate and Marketing Communication Academic Department in the Faculty of Media and Communication, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK. His research focuses on the professionalization and marketization of politics and its impact on citizen psychology and engagement.