Sachiyo M. Shearman is a professor in the School of Communication at East Carolina University. Władysław Chłopicki is a professor of linguistics and translation at the Institute of English Studies, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland, as well as at the University of Applied Sciences in Krosno, Poland.Władysław Witalisz is a professor at the Institute of English Studies, Jagiellonian University in Kraków.Linda G. Kean is the dean of the College of Fine Arts and Communication at East Carolina University.