VAL D. RUST is Associate Professor of Education at UCLA, where he specializes in Comparative and International Studies in Education. He has also been a fellow for several years with IMTEC Institute in Oslo, Norway. He is the author of numerous articles, as well as the book Alternatives in Education, and the forthcoming Teachers and Teaching in the Developing World.

• Preface Social and Educational Foundations in Norway Democracy and Education in Pre-Independent Norway Educational Alternatives at the Time of Independence Educational Imperatives in Independent Norway First Reform Cycle--A Norwegian School Structure Takes Form Educational Overtones in Romantic Nationalism The Winds of Educational Reform Social Reform Impulses at Mid-Century Hartvig Nissen and the Foundation of Modern Schooling Second Reform Cycle--A Norwegian Folk School A Common Foundation School Education Beyond the Folk School Extension of Participation in Education Workers and Their Education Third Reform Cycle--Toward a Unified School Education in a Free Norway: 1905 and Beyond The Labor Party Takes Command Education during World War II and Its Aftermath Fourth Reform Cycle--Structural Reform Completed Experimenting with New School Forms The Nine Year Basic School Reform at the Upper Secondary School Norwegian School Reform--Consequences and Problems Equality of Educational Opportunity Control Issues in Education Educational Reform in Norway Index

VAL D. RUST is Associate Professor of Education at UCLA, where he specializes in Comparative and International Studies in Education. He has also been a fellow for several years with IMTEC Institute in Oslo, Norway. He is the author of numerous articles, as well as the book Alternatives in Education, and the forthcoming Teachers and Teaching in the Developing World.

• Preface Social and Educational Foundations in Norway Democracy and Education in Pre-Independent Norway Educational Alternatives at the Time of Independence Educational Imperatives in Independent Norway First Reform Cycle--A Norwegian School Structure Takes Form Educational Overtones in Romantic Nationalism The Winds of Educational Reform Social Reform Impulses at Mid-Century Hartvig Nissen and the Foundation of Modern Schooling Second Reform Cycle--A Norwegian Folk School A Common Foundation School Education Beyond the Folk School Extension of Participation in Education Workers and Their Education Third Reform Cycle--Toward a Unified School Education in a Free Norway: 1905 and Beyond The Labor Party Takes Command Education during World War II and Its Aftermath Fourth Reform Cycle--Structural Reform Completed Experimenting with New School Forms The Nine Year Basic School Reform at the Upper Secondary School Norwegian School Reform--Consequences and Problems Equality of Educational Opportunity Control Issues in Education Educational Reform in Norway Index

VAL D. RUST is Associate Professor of Education at UCLA, where he specializes in Comparative and International Studies in Education. He has also been a fellow for several years with IMTEC Institute in Oslo, Norway. He is the author of numerous articles, as well as the book Alternatives in Education, and the forthcoming Teachers and Teaching in the Developing World.

• Preface Social and Educational Foundations in Norway Democracy and Education in Pre-Independent Norway Educational Alternatives at the Time of Independence Educational Imperatives in Independent Norway First Reform Cycle--A Norwegian School Structure Takes Form Educational Overtones in Romantic Nationalism The Winds of Educational Reform Social Reform Impulses at Mid-Century Hartvig Nissen and the Foundation of Modern Schooling Second Reform Cycle--A Norwegian Folk School A Common Foundation School Education Beyond the Folk School Extension of Participation in Education Workers and Their Education Third Reform Cycle--Toward a Unified School Education in a Free Norway: 1905 and Beyond The Labor Party Takes Command Education during World War II and Its Aftermath Fourth Reform Cycle--Structural Reform Completed Experimenting with New School Forms The Nine Year Basic School Reform at the Upper Secondary School Norwegian School Reform--Consequences and Problems Equality of Educational Opportunity Control Issues in Education Educational Reform in Norway Index