Demilitarization and International Law in Context

Sia Spiliopoulou Åkermark, Jur. dr., Associate Professor (docent) in international law, Director, The Åland Islands Peace Institute (Finland). Her work focuses on diversity, autonomy, the use of force and international law and its institutions. Saila Heinikoski , Ph.D. (Political Science), M.A. (University of Turku, Finland). Her work focuses on the European Union, European and national foreign and security policies, mobility and political discourses.Pirjo Kleemola-Juntunen, LL.D., LL.Lic., LL.M., Postdoctoral Researcher, Northern Institute for Minority and Environmental Law/Artic Centre, University of Lapland. Her work focuses on international law in particular the law of the sea and international environmental law.

• Foreword Notes on Co-authors Abbreviations 1 Introduction: The Goal and Structure of the Book 1.1 Early Occurrence of Demilitarisation 1.2 The Concept of Demilitarisation 1.3 The Birth and Impact of ‘Comprehensive Security’1.4 From the Cold War to a Multipolar World? 1.5 Militarisation Trends and Discourses Today1.6 Geopolitics and Securitisation as Potential Justifications for Militarisation 2 The Legal Regulation of the Demilitarisation and Neutralisation of the Åland Islands 2.1 An Overview of the International Agreements Establishing the Demilitarisation and Neutralisation of the Åland Islands 2.2 The 1921 Convention on the Non-Fortification and the Neutralisation of the Åland Islands2.3 The Åland Islands and Finland After the Second World War2.4 Times of Challenge 2.5 Remarks on the Legal Validity of the Norms3 The Law of the Sea and the Demilitarisation of Åland3.1 Maritime Jurisdictional Zones3.2 Navigational Rights 3.3 Navigational Rights in the Territorial Waters of the Åland Islands 4 Regional Security Co-operation and the Åland Islands 4.1 Finland, Åland and the European Union (EU) 4.2 Integration in the Baltic Sea Region and the Åland Islands 4.3 Bilateral and Nordic Co-operation: The Example of SUCBAS 4.4 Finland, Åland and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) 4.5 The Åland Islands in Regional Security Co-operation as Understood in Finland 4.6 Demilitarisation Between Regionalism and Multilateralism 5 Outlook and Conclusions 5.1 Peace Through Law? 5.2 The Concept of Sovereignty Reshaped 5.3 The Åland Islands Regime as Part of Contemporary Collective Security 5.4 Afterword: Does the Demilitarisation Add Anything to the Quest for Peace in the Baltic Sea? Appendix Bibliography Index