"Parker’s work could not be more timely. As Gulf states assume more assertive roles on the global stage and the future of US security commitments grows less certain, this book is essential reading for scholars, students, policymakers, and anyone seeking to understand the evolving dynamics of US-Gulf relations." —Courtney Freer, coauthor of Tribalism and Political Power in the Gulf"Deference and Defiance adds nuance and depth to the analysis of US relations with Kuwait, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates. Parker’s judicious study of critical junctures in Gulf–US ties since the Gulf War enables him to identify significant variations in policy formulation and outcomes that offer great value to scholars and practitioners alike." —Kristian Coates Ulrichsen, author of Centers of Power in the Arab Gulf States