De-Medicalizing Misery

JAMES BOURNE Clinical psychologist and is currently working London, UKMARY BOYLE Professor Emerita of Clinical Psychology at the University of East London, UK PATRICK BRACKEN Consultant Psychiatrist and Clinical Director of Mental Health Services in West Cork, IrelandCARLTON COULTER Clinical Psychologist who lives and works in East London, UK RUDI DALLOS Professor of Clinical Psychology and Programme Director of the Doctor of Clinical Psychology Training Programme, College of St Mark and St John, Plymouth, UKDUNCAN DOUBLE Consultant Psychiatrist in Norfolk & Waveney Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust and Honorary Senior Lecturer at the University of East Anglia, UKSUMAN FERNANDO Former Consultant Psychiatrist in Enfield for over twenty years and then an Academic at the Tizard Centre, University of Kent at Canterbury, UK. He is involved in voluntary organisations serving black and minority ethnic (BME) communities in London and Sri LankaDAVID J. HARPER Reader in Clinical Psychology at the University of East London, UK LUCY JOHNSTONE Clinical Psychologist and Counselling Psychologist, and formerly Programme Director of the Bristol Clinical Psychology Doctorate, UKIRVING KIRSCH Professor of Psychology at the University of Hull, UKCRAIG NEWNES Former Director of Psychological Therapies and a past-Chair of the BPS Psychotherapy Section, and Former Head of Clinical Psychology Services in Nottingham and Special Professor of Clinical Psychology at Nottingham University, UK NIMISHA PATEL Reader in Clinical Psychology on the Doctoral Degree Programme in Clinical Psychology, University of East London, UK, and Lead Consultant Clinical Psychologist and Head of Audit, Evaluation and Research at the Medical Foundation for the Care of Victims of TortureDAVID SMAIL Former Head of Clinical Psychology Services in Nottingham and Special Professor of Clinical Psychology at Nottingham University, UKEWEN SPEED Lecturer in Medical Sociology in the Department of Health and Human Sciences at the University of Essex, UKPHILIP THOMAS Writer and Honorary Visiting Professor in the Department of Social Sciences and Humanities in the University of Bradford, UKSAMI TIMIMI Consultant Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist in the National Health Service, UK and Visiting Professor of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry at the University of Lincoln, UKARLENE VETERE Professor of Clinical Psychology at Surrey University, UK, and a UKCP registered Systemic Psychotherapist

• Notes on Contributors Preface; R.Dallos Carving Nature at its Joints? DSM and the Medicalization of Everyday Life; M.Rapley, J.Moncrieff & J.Dillon Dualisms and the Myth of Mental Illness; P.Thomas & P.Bracken Making the World Go Away, and How Psychology and Psychiatry Benefit; M.Boyle Cultural Diversity and Racism: An Historical Perspective; S.Fernando The Social Context of Paranoia; D.J.Harper From 'Bad Character' to BPD: The Medicalization of 'Personality Disorder'; J.Bourne Medicalizing Masculinity; S.Timimi Can Traumatic Events Traumatise People? Trauma, Madness and 'Psychosis'; L.Johnstone Children Who Witness Violence at Home; A.Vetere Discourses of Acceptance and Resistance: Speaking Out About Psychiatry; E.Speed The Personal Is the Political; J.Dillon 'I'm Just, You Know, Joe Bloggs': The Management of Parental Responsibility for First-Episode Psychosis; C.Coulter & M.Rapley The Myth of the Antidepressant: An Historical Analysis; J.Moncrieff Antidepressants and the Placebo Response; I.Kirsch Why Were Doctors so Slow to Recognise Antidepressant Discontinuation Problems?; D.Double Toxic Psychology; C.Newnes Psychotherapy: Illusion With No Future?; D.Smail The Psychologization of Torture; N.Patel What Is To Be Done?; J.Moncrieff, J.Dillon & M.Rapley Figure: Papers Using Term 'Antidepressant' On Medline 1957-1965 Index

'Despite longstanding awareness of the limitations of the medical model when applied to difficulties of human behavior and adjustment, the fields of psychiatry and psychology continue to accede to the pressures of medicine and the drug industry in their conceptualization of these human realities. Ironically, however, this medical model, eager as it is to fit so much of people's experience into diagnostic categories, is a social construction. This book represents a significant effort to de-mystify, de-medicalize, and reclaim important aspects of the human condition.' -Kenneth D. Keith, Professor, Department of Psychological Sciences, University of San Diego, USA 'De-Medicalizing Misery has assembled an impressive cast of leading mental health experts. Together they challenge the simplistic and pessimistic biological model of human distress that has, with eager support from the pharmaceutical industry, dominated the mental health field for far too long. This evidence-based, humane and optimistic book not only explains where biological psychiatry went wrong, it spells out the alternatives.' - John Read, University of Auckland, New Zealand and Editor of 'Models of Madness' 'The psychiatrist or psychologist is expected to do something for every patient sitting in front of him or her, but how robust is the intellectual basis of psychiatric science when psychiatric 'diseases' are merely symptom clusters - clustered by us, not by nature? We are in indeed in the age of the medicalization of everyday life, when Lord Layard, economist and architect of the IAPT programme, can write in the BMJ that 'mental illness' has taken over from unemployment as our greatest social problem. But what is the test of 'mental illness'? In DeMedicalizing Misery the authors examine some of the domains lamentably absent from orthodox psychiatry and psychology training programmes, with their medical model focus, and in so doing raise the IQ of the whole debate. And not just for clinicians.' - Dr Derek Summerfield, Consultant Psychiatrist & Senior Lecturer, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK. '...this is a great book and should be on the shelf of AMHPs (Approved Mental Health Practitioners), practitioners, academics, people with their doubts about the psyprofessions, those too sure of psy-professions, and perhaps essential reading for people who have survived services, have felt their misery with little relief and have wondered what it is about themselves that remains untreatable.' - British Journal of Social Work 'This book could not be more relevant than now...' - The Psychologist