Frank R. Scarpitti is Professor Emeritus in the Department of Sociology and Criminal Justice at the University of Delaware. Amie L. Nielsen is Associate Professor in the Department of Sociology at the University of Miami.J. Mitchell Miller is Professor and Chair of the Department of Criminal Justice at the University of Texas at San Antonio.

• PREFACE ; CONTRIBUTORS ; SECTION I. DEFINING CRIMINOLOGY AND CRIME ; 1. Criminology as Social Science, J. Mitchell Miller ; 2. Historical Explanations of Crime: From Demons to Politics, C. Ronald Huff ; 3. Characteristics of the Criminal Law, Edwin Sutherland and Donald Cressey ; 4. The State, the Law, and the Definition of Behavior as Criminal or Delinquent, William J. Chambliss ; SECTION II. OBSERVING AND MEASURING THE NATURE AND EXTENT OF CRIME ; 5. Are Uniform Crime Reports a Valid Indicator of the Index Crimes? An Affirmative Answer with Minor Qualifications, Walter R. Gove, Michael Hughes, and Michael Geerken ; 6. Reassessing the Reliability and Validity of Self-Report Delinquency Measures, David Huizinga and Delbert S. Elliott ; 7. Managing Rape: Exploratory Research on the Behavior of Rape Statistics, Gary F. Jensen and Maryaltani Karpos ; 8. A Snowball's Chance in Hell: Doing Fieldwork with Active Residential Burglars, Richard Wright, Scott H. Decker, Allison K. Redfern, andDietrich L. Smith ; 9. Covert Participant Observation: Reconsidering the Least Used Method, J. Mitchell Miller ; SECTION III. CORRELATES OF CRIME ; 10. Specifying the SES/Delinquency Relationship, Charles R. Tittle and Robert F. Meier ; 11. Age and the Patterning of Crime, Darrell J. Steffensmeier and Jeffery Ulmer ; 12. Explaining the Gender Gap in Delinquency: Peer Influence and Moral Evaluations of Behavior, Daniel P. Mears, Matthew Ploeger, and Mark Warr ; 13. Intelligence and Criminal Behavior, Scott Menard ; 14. Family Relationships, Juvenile Delinquency, and Adult Criminality, Joan McCord ; 15. On Immigration and Crime, Ramiro Martinez, Jr. and Matthew T. Lee ; SECTION IV. THEORIES OF CRIME ; 16. Formal and Informal Sanctions: A Comparison of Deterrent Effects, Linda S. Anderson, Theodore G. Chiricos, and Gordon P. Waldo ; 17. The Criminal Man, Cesare Lombroso ; 18. Does the Body Tell? Biological Characteristics and Criminal Disposition, David Row ; 19. Personality and Crime: Are Some People Crime Prone?, Avshalom Caspi, Terrie E. Moffitt, Phil A. Silva, Magda Stouthamer-Moeber, Robert F. Krueger, and Pamela S. Schmutte ; 20. A Sociological Theory of Criminal Behavior, Edwin H. Sutherland ; 21. A Social Learning Theory of Crime, Ronald L. Akers ; 22. Lower-Class Culture as a Generating Milieu of Gang Delinquency, Walter B. Miller ; 23. Code of the Streets, Elijah Anderson ; 24. Formal Characteristics of Delinquency Areas, Clifford R. Shaw and Henry McKay ; 25. Routine Activity Theory, Lawrence E. Cohen and Marcus Felson ; 26. A Control Theory of Delinquency, Travis Hirschi ; 27. The Nature of Criminality: Low Self-Control, Michael Gottfredson and Travis Hirschi ; 28. Foundation for a General Theory of Crime, Robert Agnew ; 29. Crime and the American Dream, Steven S. Messner and Richard Rosenfeld ; 30. Causes of Crime: A Radical View, Michael J. Lynch and W. Byron Groves ; SECTION V. CRIMINOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS OF CRIME ; 31. Violent Crime in the United States, Albert J. Reiss, Jr. and Jeffrey A. Roth ; 32. The Motivation to Commit Property Crimes, Kenneth D. Tunnell ; 33. Organized Crime, Frank R. Scarpitti ; 34. Casinos and Banking: Organized Crime in the Bahamas, Alan A. Block and Frank R. Scarpitti ; 35. Denying the Guilty Mind: Accounting for Involvement in White-Collar Crime, Michael L. Benson ; 36. Trouble in the Schoolyard: A Study of Risk Factors of Victimization, Christopher J. Schreck, J. Mitchell Miller, Chris L. Gibson ; 37. Researching Dealers and Smugglers, Patricia A. Adler ; SECTION VI. RESPONSES TO CRIME ; 38. Police, Carl B. Klockars ; 39. Racial Profiling, David A. Harris ; 40. The Decision to Prosecute, George F. Cole ; 41. Prostitution Control in America, Ronald Weitzer ; 42. The Evidence in Favor of Prisons, Richard A. Wright ; 43. Decriminalization, Samuel Walker

The ambitious breadth of the editors' goals represents the anthology's strength. However, simply noting that the readings are comprehensive and logical does an injustice to the editors' accomplishment. This anthology represents an intellectual coup . . . a virtual celebration of and tribute to some of the real giants of criminology.

Frank R. Scarpitti is Professor Emeritus in the Department of Sociology and Criminal Justice at the University of Delaware. Amie L. Nielsen is Associate Professor in the Department of Sociology at the University of Miami.J. Mitchell Miller is Professor and Chair of the Department of Criminal Justice at the University of Texas at San Antonio.

• PREFACE ; CONTRIBUTORS ; SECTION I. DEFINING CRIMINOLOGY AND CRIME ; 1. Criminology as Social Science, J. Mitchell Miller ; 2. Historical Explanations of Crime: From Demons to Politics, C. Ronald Huff ; 3. Characteristics of the Criminal Law, Edwin Sutherland and Donald Cressey ; 4. The State, the Law, and the Definition of Behavior as Criminal or Delinquent, William J. Chambliss ; SECTION II. OBSERVING AND MEASURING THE NATURE AND EXTENT OF CRIME ; 5. Are Uniform Crime Reports a Valid Indicator of the Index Crimes? An Affirmative Answer with Minor Qualifications, Walter R. Gove, Michael Hughes, and Michael Geerken ; 6. Reassessing the Reliability and Validity of Self-Report Delinquency Measures, David Huizinga and Delbert S. Elliott ; 7. Managing Rape: Exploratory Research on the Behavior of Rape Statistics, Gary F. Jensen and Maryaltani Karpos ; 8. A Snowball's Chance in Hell: Doing Fieldwork with Active Residential Burglars, Richard Wright, Scott H. Decker, Allison K. Redfern, andDietrich L. Smith ; 9. Covert Participant Observation: Reconsidering the Least Used Method, J. Mitchell Miller ; SECTION III. CORRELATES OF CRIME ; 10. Specifying the SES/Delinquency Relationship, Charles R. Tittle and Robert F. Meier ; 11. Age and the Patterning of Crime, Darrell J. Steffensmeier and Jeffery Ulmer ; 12. Explaining the Gender Gap in Delinquency: Peer Influence and Moral Evaluations of Behavior, Daniel P. Mears, Matthew Ploeger, and Mark Warr ; 13. Intelligence and Criminal Behavior, Scott Menard ; 14. Family Relationships, Juvenile Delinquency, and Adult Criminality, Joan McCord ; 15. On Immigration and Crime, Ramiro Martinez, Jr. and Matthew T. Lee ; SECTION IV. THEORIES OF CRIME ; 16. Formal and Informal Sanctions: A Comparison of Deterrent Effects, Linda S. Anderson, Theodore G. Chiricos, and Gordon P. Waldo ; 17. The Criminal Man, Cesare Lombroso ; 18. Does the Body Tell? Biological Characteristics and Criminal Disposition, David Row ; 19. Personality and Crime: Are Some People Crime Prone?, Avshalom Caspi, Terrie E. Moffitt, Phil A. Silva, Magda Stouthamer-Moeber, Robert F. Krueger, and Pamela S. Schmutte ; 20. A Sociological Theory of Criminal Behavior, Edwin H. Sutherland ; 21. A Social Learning Theory of Crime, Ronald L. Akers ; 22. Lower-Class Culture as a Generating Milieu of Gang Delinquency, Walter B. Miller ; 23. Code of the Streets, Elijah Anderson ; 24. Formal Characteristics of Delinquency Areas, Clifford R. Shaw and Henry McKay ; 25. Routine Activity Theory, Lawrence E. Cohen and Marcus Felson ; 26. A Control Theory of Delinquency, Travis Hirschi ; 27. The Nature of Criminality: Low Self-Control, Michael Gottfredson and Travis Hirschi ; 28. Foundation for a General Theory of Crime, Robert Agnew ; 29. Crime and the American Dream, Steven S. Messner and Richard Rosenfeld ; 30. Causes of Crime: A Radical View, Michael J. Lynch and W. Byron Groves ; SECTION V. CRIMINOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS OF CRIME ; 31. Violent Crime in the United States, Albert J. Reiss, Jr. and Jeffrey A. Roth ; 32. The Motivation to Commit Property Crimes, Kenneth D. Tunnell ; 33. Organized Crime, Frank R. Scarpitti ; 34. Casinos and Banking: Organized Crime in the Bahamas, Alan A. Block and Frank R. Scarpitti ; 35. Denying the Guilty Mind: Accounting for Involvement in White-Collar Crime, Michael L. Benson ; 36. Trouble in the Schoolyard: A Study of Risk Factors of Victimization, Christopher J. Schreck, J. Mitchell Miller, Chris L. Gibson ; 37. Researching Dealers and Smugglers, Patricia A. Adler ; SECTION VI. RESPONSES TO CRIME ; 38. Police, Carl B. Klockars ; 39. Racial Profiling, David A. Harris ; 40. The Decision to Prosecute, George F. Cole ; 41. Prostitution Control in America, Ronald Weitzer ; 42. The Evidence in Favor of Prisons, Richard A. Wright ; 43. Decriminalization, Samuel Walker

The ambitious breadth of the editors' goals represents the anthology's strength. However, simply noting that the readings are comprehensive and logical does an injustice to the editors' accomplishment. This anthology represents an intellectual coup . . . a virtual celebration of and tribute to some of the real giants of criminology.

Frank R. Scarpitti is Professor Emeritus in the Department of Sociology and Criminal Justice at the University of Delaware. Amie L. Nielsen is Associate Professor in the Department of Sociology at the University of Miami.J. Mitchell Miller is Professor and Chair of the Department of Criminal Justice at the University of Texas at San Antonio.

• PREFACE ; CONTRIBUTORS ; SECTION I. DEFINING CRIMINOLOGY AND CRIME ; 1. Criminology as Social Science, J. Mitchell Miller ; 2. Historical Explanations of Crime: From Demons to Politics, C. Ronald Huff ; 3. Characteristics of the Criminal Law, Edwin Sutherland and Donald Cressey ; 4. The State, the Law, and the Definition of Behavior as Criminal or Delinquent, William J. Chambliss ; SECTION II. OBSERVING AND MEASURING THE NATURE AND EXTENT OF CRIME ; 5. Are Uniform Crime Reports a Valid Indicator of the Index Crimes? An Affirmative Answer with Minor Qualifications, Walter R. Gove, Michael Hughes, and Michael Geerken ; 6. Reassessing the Reliability and Validity of Self-Report Delinquency Measures, David Huizinga and Delbert S. Elliott ; 7. Managing Rape: Exploratory Research on the Behavior of Rape Statistics, Gary F. Jensen and Maryaltani Karpos ; 8. A Snowball's Chance in Hell: Doing Fieldwork with Active Residential Burglars, Richard Wright, Scott H. Decker, Allison K. Redfern, andDietrich L. Smith ; 9. Covert Participant Observation: Reconsidering the Least Used Method, J. Mitchell Miller ; SECTION III. CORRELATES OF CRIME ; 10. Specifying the SES/Delinquency Relationship, Charles R. Tittle and Robert F. Meier ; 11. Age and the Patterning of Crime, Darrell J. Steffensmeier and Jeffery Ulmer ; 12. Explaining the Gender Gap in Delinquency: Peer Influence and Moral Evaluations of Behavior, Daniel P. Mears, Matthew Ploeger, and Mark Warr ; 13. Intelligence and Criminal Behavior, Scott Menard ; 14. Family Relationships, Juvenile Delinquency, and Adult Criminality, Joan McCord ; 15. On Immigration and Crime, Ramiro Martinez, Jr. and Matthew T. Lee ; SECTION IV. THEORIES OF CRIME ; 16. Formal and Informal Sanctions: A Comparison of Deterrent Effects, Linda S. Anderson, Theodore G. Chiricos, and Gordon P. Waldo ; 17. The Criminal Man, Cesare Lombroso ; 18. Does the Body Tell? Biological Characteristics and Criminal Disposition, David Row ; 19. Personality and Crime: Are Some People Crime Prone?, Avshalom Caspi, Terrie E. Moffitt, Phil A. Silva, Magda Stouthamer-Moeber, Robert F. Krueger, and Pamela S. Schmutte ; 20. A Sociological Theory of Criminal Behavior, Edwin H. Sutherland ; 21. A Social Learning Theory of Crime, Ronald L. Akers ; 22. Lower-Class Culture as a Generating Milieu of Gang Delinquency, Walter B. Miller ; 23. Code of the Streets, Elijah Anderson ; 24. Formal Characteristics of Delinquency Areas, Clifford R. Shaw and Henry McKay ; 25. Routine Activity Theory, Lawrence E. Cohen and Marcus Felson ; 26. A Control Theory of Delinquency, Travis Hirschi ; 27. The Nature of Criminality: Low Self-Control, Michael Gottfredson and Travis Hirschi ; 28. Foundation for a General Theory of Crime, Robert Agnew ; 29. Crime and the American Dream, Steven S. Messner and Richard Rosenfeld ; 30. Causes of Crime: A Radical View, Michael J. Lynch and W. Byron Groves ; SECTION V. CRIMINOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS OF CRIME ; 31. Violent Crime in the United States, Albert J. Reiss, Jr. and Jeffrey A. Roth ; 32. The Motivation to Commit Property Crimes, Kenneth D. Tunnell ; 33. Organized Crime, Frank R. Scarpitti ; 34. Casinos and Banking: Organized Crime in the Bahamas, Alan A. Block and Frank R. Scarpitti ; 35. Denying the Guilty Mind: Accounting for Involvement in White-Collar Crime, Michael L. Benson ; 36. Trouble in the Schoolyard: A Study of Risk Factors of Victimization, Christopher J. Schreck, J. Mitchell Miller, Chris L. Gibson ; 37. Researching Dealers and Smugglers, Patricia A. Adler ; SECTION VI. RESPONSES TO CRIME ; 38. Police, Carl B. Klockars ; 39. Racial Profiling, David A. Harris ; 40. The Decision to Prosecute, George F. Cole ; 41. Prostitution Control in America, Ronald Weitzer ; 42. The Evidence in Favor of Prisons, Richard A. Wright ; 43. Decriminalization, Samuel Walker

The ambitious breadth of the editors' goals represents the anthology's strength. However, simply noting that the readings are comprehensive and logical does an injustice to the editors' accomplishment. This anthology represents an intellectual coup . . . a virtual celebration of and tribute to some of the real giants of criminology.