COVID-19 and Sleep: A Global Outlook

AS BaHammam is a tenured Professor of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine at King Saud University (KSU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. He is the Executive Director of Academic Affairs and the Director of Prince Naif Health Research Center at King Saud University-Medical City, and the Director of the University Sleep Disorders Center at King Saud University.King Saud University awarded him the Lifetime Achievement Award (2016) for his contribution to sleep medicine research. He published more than 320 scientific articles (H-index 58) and more than 60 chapters, 2 books, and 30 papers about COVID-19 and its manifestations, including sleep and neuropsychiatric manifestations. He is the Editor-in-Chief of Nat Sci Sleep (A Q1 journal) and Associate Editor [CE1] of Ann Thoracic Med, Frontiers in Neurology, and Frontier in Psychiatry.Professor BaHammam's research focuses on several sleep-related topics, including sleep and circadian rhythm changes during the COVID-19 pandemic, obesity hypoventilation syndrome, central hypersomnolence disorders, and the impact of intermittent fasting and mealtime on sleep, circadian rhythm, and immunity.S.R. Pandi-Perumal is a well-recognized sleep researcher both nationally and internationally and has authored several publications. His area of research interest includes sleep and biological rhythms. He has edited over 25 academic volumes related to sleep and biological rhythms research, and he serves on the editorial board of several leading journals.Haitham Jahrami is the Director, Rehabilitation Services at Governmental Hospitals, Ministry of Health, Kingdom of Bahrain. He is also an Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences at Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain. He published more than 250 peer-reviewed articles with 50 papers about COVID-19 and central nervous sequela. He is a peer reviewer andassociate editor in several Q1 journals. Dr. Jahrami’s research uses diverse methodologies, including systematic reviews and meta-analyses, artificial intelligence and machine learning, and clinical trials.

• 1.The effect of sleep disruption and circadian misalignment on the immune system.- 2. Changes in the sleep and circadian pattern of sleep during the COVID-19 pandemic.- 3. Anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic and their impact on sleep.- 4. Sleep problems during the COVID-19 pandemic in children and adolescents.- 5.Sleep problems during the COVID-19 pandemic in children and adolescents.- 6. Sleep disturbances among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.- 7. Sleep disturbances among patients with COVID-19 infection .- 8. Sleep patterns and sleep disturbances during the lockdown periods.- 9. Impact of COVID-19 Mobility Restrictions on Sleep and Wellbeing.- 10. COVID-19 vaccines and sleep disturbances.- 11. Sleep during the COVID-19 pandemic: structural inequity and racial disparity.- 12. The effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy and coping strategies on sleep disturbances during the COVID-19 pandemic.- 13. Sleep and circadian rhythm in post-COVID-19 patients.- 14. COVID-19 and obstructive sleep apnea.- 15. The correlation between COVID-19 infection and restless legs syndrome.- 16. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on disorders of hypersomnolence.- 17. Sleep, Physical Activity, and Diet Patterns During COVID-19 Pandemic.- 18. Impact of screen time during the pandemic of COVID-19 on sleep habits.- 19. Dreams and nightmares during the COVID-19 pandemic.- 20. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep medicine services.- 21. Protocols for conducting sleep studies during pandemics.- 22. Management of hospital and home positive airway pressure machines during pandemics.- 23. Telemedicine and telemonitoring of sleep disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic.- 24.Changes in Positive Airway Pressure Application and Practices in Patients with Sleep-Related Breathing Disorder during the COVID-19 Pandemic.- 25. Potential Therapeutic Effects of Melatonin on SARS-CoV-2 Infection.