JOHN DARBY is Professor of Comparative Ethnic Studies at the Kroc Institute in the University of Notre Dame, where he is Director of the Research Initiative on the Resolution of Ethnic Conflict. He was founding director of INCORE at the University of Ulster. His recent books include The Management of Peace Processes; Guns and Government (both with Roger Mac Ginty) and The Effects of Violence on Peace Processes. - ROGER MAC GINTY is a lecturer at the Postwar Reconstruction and Development Unit, Department of Politics, University of York. He is principal investigator of the Economic and Social Research Council's project 'Devolution and Institutional Change in Northern Ireland'. His recent publications include The Management of Peace Processes and Guns and Government, both with John Darby.

• Acknowledgements Notes on Contributors Abbreviations Introduction: What Peace? What Process? Explaining the Conflict Potential of Ethnicity; C.Young The Timing of Peace Initiatives; I.W.Zartman Cultivating Peace; J.P.Lederach New Contexts for Political Solutions; J.Loughlin Negotiations and Peace Processes; A.Guelke Rules and Procedures for Negotiated Peacemaking; P.du Toit Mediation and the Ending of Conflict; C.Mitchell The Role of News Media in Peace Negotiations; G.Wolfsfeld Peace Processes and the Challenges of Violence; S.Stedman Reframing the Spoiler Debate; M.J.Zahar Disarmament and Demobilisation; V.Gamba Powersharing after Civil Wars; T.Sisk Peace Accords and Ethnic Conflicts; F.de Varennes Human Rights and Minority Protection; C.Bell Democratic Validation; B.Reilly Territorial Options; Y.Ghai & A.Regan From Peace to Democratisation; C.Arnson & D.Azpuru Military and Police Reform after Civil Wars; C.Call & W.Stanley Transformation and Reconciliation; B.Hamber The Role of Symbolism in Peacemaking; R.Mac Ginty Borrowing and Lending in Peace Processes; J.Darby Peace Processes, Present and Future; J.Darby and R.Mac Ginty Bibliography

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