Del i serien Latin American Perspectives in the Classroom

Contemporary Latin American Revolutions

Inbunden, Engelska, 2022

AvMarc Becker

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Revolutions are a commonly studied but only vaguely understood historical phenomenon. Now updated to include the perspectives of grassroots revolutionary movements and biographies of often marginalized voices, this clear and concise text extends our understanding with a critical narrative analysis of key case studies: the 1910–1920 Mexican Revolution; the 1944–1954 Guatemalan Spring; the 1952–1964 MNR-led revolution in Bolivia; the Cuban Revolution that triumphed in 1959; the 1970–1973 Chilean path to socialism; the leftist Sandinistas in Nicaragua in power from 1979–1990; failed guerrilla movements in Colombia, El Salvador, and Peru; and the Bolivarian Revolution in Venezuela after Hugo Chávez’s election in 1998. Historian Marc Becker opens with a theoretical introduction to revolutionary movements, including a definition of what “revolution” means and an examination of factors necessary for a revolution to succeed. He analyzes revolutions through the lens of those who participated and explores the sociopolitical conditions that led to a revolutionary situation, the differing responses to those conditions, and the outcomes of those political changes. Each case study provides an interpretive explanation of the historical context in which each movement emerged, its main goals and achievements, its shortcomings, its outcome, and its legacy. The book concludes with an analysis of how elected leftist governments in the twenty-first century continue to struggle with issues that revolutionaries confronted throughout the twentieth century.

Produktinformation

Utgivningsdatum2022-01-15
Mått160 x 239 x 29 mm
Vikt671 g
FormatInbunden
SpråkEngelska
SerieLatin American Perspectives in the Classroom
Antal sidor374
Upplaga2
FörlagBloomsbury Publishing Plc
ISBN9781538163726

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Preface 1 Theories of Revolution Biography: José Carlos Mariátegui, 1894–1930 Document: José Carlos Mariátegui, “On the Indigenous Problem,” 1928 Biography: Dolores Cacuango, 1881–1971 Documents: Ecuadorian Federation of Indians (FEI), 1946 Document: Organization of American States (OAS), “The Preservation and Defense of Democracy in America,” 1948 2 Mexican Revolution, 1910–1920 Biography: Emiliano Zapata, 1879–1919 Document: Emiliano Zapata, “Plan of Ayala,” 1911 Biography: Hermila Galindo, 1886–1954 Document: Hermila Galindo, “The Suffrage Question: Why Do Women Want the Vote?,” 1916 Document: Ambassador Henry Lane Wilson to Secretary of State Philander Knox, 1913 62 3 Guatemalan Spring, 1944–1954 Biography: Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán, 1913–1971 Document: “Decree 900,” 1952 Biography: Ester Castellanos de Urrutia, 1892–1964 Document: Guatemalan Women’s Alliance, “Appeal to the Women of Guatemala,” 1950 Document: Central Intelligence Agency, “Present Political Situation in Guatemala and Possible Developments during 1952,” 1952 4 Bolivia’s Nationalist Revolution, 1952–1964 Biography: Juan Lechín Oquendo, 1914–2001 Document: The Union Federation of Bolivian Mine Workers, “Pulacayo Theses,” 1946 Document: Antonio Mamani Alvarez, “Caranguillas Thesis,” 1947 Biography: Lidia Gueiler Tejada, 1921–2011 Document: Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), “The Outlook for Bolivia,” 1956 5 Cuban Revolution, 1959– Biography: Fidel Castro, 1926–2016 Document: “First Declaration of Havana,” 1960 Document: Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), “Communist Influence in Cuba,” 1960 Biography: Vilma Espín, 1930–2007 Document: Vilma Espín, “A Revolution within a Revolution,” 1988 6 Chilean Road to Socialism, 1970–1973Biography: Salvador Allende Gossens, 1909–1973Document: Popular Unity Government, “Basic Program,” 1970 Document: Institute of Indigenous Development, “Indigenous Law,” 1972 Biography: Beatriz Allende, 1942–1977 Document: Viron P. Vaky, “Chile—40 Committee Meeting, Monday—September 14,” 19707 Sandinistas in Nicaragua, 1979–1990Biography: Carlos Fonseca Amador, 1936–1976Document: “The Historic Program of the FSLN,” 1969 Biography: Dora María Téllez, 1955– Document: Alicia Gordon, Christa Berger, and Pilar Lacerna, “Nicaragua: We Are Millions,” 1980 Document: “Draft Law on Autonomy Proposed by the Government of Nicaragua,” 1985 Document: Central Intelligence Agency, “The Freedom Fighter’s Manual,” 1983 8 Guerrilla Warfare Biography: Che Guevara, 1928–1967 Document: Che Guevara, Guerrilla Warfare, 1960 Document: Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), “The Latin American Guerrilla Today,” 1971Document: The Association of Salvadoran Women, “Participation of Latin American Women in Social and Political Organizations,” 1981 Biography: Augusta La Torre (Comrade Norah), 1946–1988Document: Popular Women’s Movement, “Marxism, Mariátegui and the Women’s Movement,” 1975 9 Venezuela’s Bolivarian Revolution, 1999– Biography: Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías, 1954–2013 Document: Hugo Chávez, World Social Forum, 2005 Biography: Nora Castañeda, 1942–2015 Document: “Constitution of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela,” 1999 Document: “General Services Agreement between the Venezuelan Opposition and Silvercorp,” 2019 10 Socialisms of the Twentieth and Twenty-First Centuries GlossaryIndex About the Author

A splendid introduction to and survey of revolutionary movements in Latin America beginning with the Mexican Revolution and ending with the left turn embracing Venezuela’s Bolivarian Revolution led by Hugo Chávez. Biographies of key protagonists are accompanied by documents and guides to further reading. This is a splendid introduction to Lain American revolutionary traditions with a much-needed focus on the role of women and Indigenous peoples.