Contemporary Clinical Psychology

THOMAS PLANTE, PHD., ABPP, is the Augustin Cardinal Bea, S.J., University Professor and Professor of Psychology and, by courtesy, Religious Studies at Santa Clara University and Adjunct Clinical Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University School of Medicine. He is a licensed psychologist in private clinical practice in Menlo Park, California. He has published over 200 scientific journal articles and book chapters, as well as 24 books.

• Preface to the Fourth Edition xxiAbout the Author xxvPart One Foundations and Fundamentals 1Chapter 1 What Is Contemporary Clinical Psychology? 3Case Study: Carlos 4Definition and Inherent Intrigue 5Perspective and Philosophy 6Education and Training 8Activities 10Highlight of a Contemporary Clinical Psychologist: Patrick H. DeLeon, PhD, ABPP 14Employment Settings 16Hospitals 17Subspecialties 18Child Clinical Psychology 19Organizations 21How Does Clinical Psychology Differ From Related Fields? 23The Big Picture 27Key Points 28Key Terms 29For Reflection 29Real Students, Real Questions 29Web Resources 29Chapter 2 Foundations and Early History of Clinical Psychology 31Early Conceptions of Mental Illness: Mind and Body Paradigms 34The Founding of Clinical Psychology 39Highlight of a Contemporary Clinical Psychologist: Rev. Gerdenio “Sonny” Manuel, SJ, PhD 40The Influence of Binet’s Intelligence Test 41The Influence of the Mental Health and Child Guidance Movement 41The Influence of Sigmund Freud in America 42The American Psychological Association and Early Clinical Psychology 42The Influence of World War I 43Clinical Psychology Between the World Wars 44The Influence of World War II 46The Big Picture 47Key Points 47Key Terms 48For Reflection 48Real Students, Real Questions 49Web Resource 49Chapter 3 Recent History of Clinical Psychology 51Clinical Psychology Immediately After World War II 52The Rise of Alternatives to the Psychodynamic Approach 57Highlight of a Contemporary Clinical Psychologist: Nadine J. Kaslow, PhD, ABPP 66A New Training Model Emerges 68The Rise of Empirically Supported Treatments and Resurgence of Cognitive Behavioral Models 70Present Status 71The Big Picture 72Key Points 73Key Terms 74For Reflection 74Real Students, Real Questions 74Web Resources 75Chapter 4 Research: Design and Outcome 77Research Methods and Designs 78Cross Sectional and Longitudinal Designs 93Highlight of a Contemporary Clinical Psychologist: Alan E. Kazdin, PhD, ABPP 94Treatment Outcome Research 96Questions and Challenges in Conducting Treatment Outcome Research 99Contemporary Issues in Clinical Psychology Treatment Outcome Research 104How and Where Is Research Conducted in Clinical Psychology,  and How Is It Funded? 107The Big Picture 109Key Points 110Key Terms 112For Reflection 112Real Students, Real Questions 113Web Resources 113Chapter 5 The Major Theoretical Models: Psychodynamic, Cognitive Behavioral, Humanistic, and Family Systems 115The Four Major Theoretical Models in Clinical Psychology 116Case Study: Mary 118Highlight of a Contemporary Clinical Psychologist: Marcia J. Wood, PhD 133Understanding Mary From Different Theoretical Orientations 135The Big Picture 137Key Points 137Key Terms 138For Reflection 139Real Students, Real Questions 139Web Resources 139Chapter 6 Integrative and Biopsychosocial Approaches in Contemporary Clinical Psychology 141The Call to Integration 142Biopsychosocial Integration 146Case Study: Mary—Integrating Biological Factors 151Synthesizing Biological, Psychological, and Social Factors in Contemporary Integration 153Case Study: Mary—Integrating Social Factors 155Highlight of a Contemporary Clinical Psychologist: Lillian Comas-Diaz, PhD 157Application of the Biopsychosocial Perspective to Contemporary Clinical Psychology Problems 157Case Study: Hector Experiences Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (Biopsychosocial) 160Case Study: Nicole Experiences School Phobia (Biopsychosocial) 161Case Study: Taylor Experiences Cardiovascular Disease,  Job and Family Stress, and Type A Personality(Biopsychosocial) 164Case Study: Marilyn—Biopsychosocial With Cancer 166Case Study: Mary—Biopsychosocial Synthesis 167Conclusion 168The Big Picture 169Key Points 169Key Terms 170For Reflection 170Real Students, Real Questions 170Web Resources 170Part Two Roles and Responsibilities 171Chapter 7  Contemporary Psychological Assessment I: Interviewing and Observing Behavior 173Goals, Purposes, and Types of Assessment 174Reliability and Validity 176Interviewing 177Types of Interviews 182Case Study: Joe Experiences Depression 184Highlight of a Contemporary Clinical Psychologist: Stanley Sue, PhD 189Potential Threats to Effective Interviewing 190Behavioral Observations 190Checklists and Inventories 195Case Study: José and the BDI, CBCL, and SCL-90-R_198The Big Picture 200Key Points 200Key Terms 201For Reflection 202Real Students, Real Questions 202Web Resources 202Chapter 8 Contemporary Psychological Assessment II: Cognitive and Personality Assessment 203Cognitive Testing 204Case Study: Paul—WAIS-IV (Intellectual Assessment) 208Case Study: Robert Experiences a Head Injury and Resulting Antisocial Behaviors (Neuropsychological) 216Highlight of a Contemporary Clinical Psychologist: Lori Goldfarb Plante, PhD 217Personality Testing 218Case Study: Martha Experiences Severe Depression and Borderline Personality (Rorschach) 227Case Study: Xavier Experiences Bipolar Disorder (Rorschach) 229Case Study: Debbie Experiences Alcoholism, Depression, and Phobic Anxiety (TAT ) 231Case Study: Xavier (Sentence Completion) 232Case Study: Elias Experiences Anxiety and Depression (Sentence Completion) 232Communicating Assessment Results 233Case Study: Thomas Experiences Aggressive Behavior Associated With Autism Spectrum Disorder (Psychological Assessment Report) 234The Big Picture 237Key Points 237Key Terms 238For Reflection 239Real Students, Real Questions 239Web Resources 239Chapter 9 Psychotherapeutic Interventions 241Contemporary Integration in Psychotherapy Using Evidence-Based Approaches 243Goals of Psychotherapy 244Similarities or Common Denominators in Psychotherapy 245Stages of Psychotherapy 247Modes of Psychotherapy 251Case Study: Shawna Experiences Enuresis (Individual Child Therapy) 252Case Study: James Experiences Bipolar Disorder (Individual Psychotherapy) 254Highlight of a Contemporary Clinical Psychologist: John C. Norcross, PhD, ABPP 256Nonpsychotherapy Approaches to Treatment: Biological and Social Interventions 257Case Study: Inpatient Group Psychotherapy 259Case Study: Hans and Marta Experience Severe Marital Discord (Couples Therapy) 262Case Study: The Kaplans Experience a Family Death and a Suicide Attempt in the Family (Family Therapy) 265The Big Picture 267Case Study: Mako Experiences Anorexia Nervosa—Integration of Theories, Techniques, Modalities, and Biopsychosocial Factors (Contemporary Psychotherapy) 269Key Points 271Key Terms 271For Reflection 271Real Students, Real Questions 271Web Resources 272Chapter 10 Psychotherapeutic Issues 273Does Psychotherapy Work? 274Long-Term Therapy Versus Short-Term Treatment 276Psychotherapy Dropouts 277Is One Type of Therapy Better Than Another? 279Enduring Psychotherapy Effects 280Highlight of a Contemporary Clinical Psychologist: John Pina, PhD 283Common Factors Associated With Positive Psychotherapy Outcome 284Change Is Challenging 286Level of Training for Psychotherapists 288Health-Care Costs and Psychotherapy 289Psychotherapy Harm 290The Big Picture 296Key Points 296Key Terms 297For Reflection 297Real Students, Real Questions 298Web Resources 298Chapter 11 Areas of Specialization 299Clinical Health Psychology 301Case Study: Celeste Experiences Type A Personality and Irritable Bowel Syndrome 309Child Clinical Psychology 310Case Study: Weight-Loss Treatment Program 311Case Study: Joe Experiences Alcoholism 312Clinical Neuropsychology 319Highlight of a Contemporary Clinical Psychologist: Susan Steibe-Pasalich, PhD 320Case Study: Sam Experiences Autism 322Case Study: Zoe Experiences Acting-Out Behaviors 323Case Study: Sally Experiences Anorexia Nervosa 324Case Study: Joseph Experiences Dementia and Depression 327Geropsychology 327Forensic Psychology 331Case Study: Austin Experiences Substance Abuse and a Severe Head Injury 333Case Study: Margaret Experiences Problems Associated With a Stroke 333Other Subspecialties 335Case Study: The Lee Family Experiences Stress Associated With Divorce and Child Custody 335Case Study: Marie Experiences Suicidal Behaviors and Depression Case Study: Betty Experiences Job Stress 336The Big Picture 336Key Points 337Key Terms 338For Reflection 338Real Students, Real Questions 338Web Resource 339Chapter 12 Consultative, Teaching, and Administrative Roles 341Consultation 342Case Studies: Consultation With Mental Health Colleagues 351Case Studies: Consultation with Non–Mental Health Professionals 354Highlight of a Contemporary Clinical Psychologist: Julie B. (Sincoff) Jampel, PhD 355Teaching 356Case Studies: Teaching in Academic Settings 358Case Studies: Teaching in Nonacademic Locations 360Administration 361Case Studies: Administrators in Clinical Psychology 362The Big Picture 363Key Points 363Key Terms 364For Reflection 364Real Students, Real Questions 365Web Resources 365Chapter 13 Ethical Standards 367How Do Professional Ethics Differ From the Law? 369Fundamental Ethical Principles 371Case Study: Dr. A Treats a Patient Although He Has Inadequate Competence to Do So 373Case Study: Dr. B Conducts Psychological Testing Less Than Rigorously 374Case Study: Dr. C Misleads His Clients Regarding His Credentials 375Case Study: Dr. D Participates in a Dual Relationship With Her Client 376Case Study: Dr. E Treats a Client Very Different From Those With Whom He Has Expertise 376Case Study: Dr. F Is Concerned About Unethical Behavior in a Colleague 377Case Study: Dr. H Breaks Confidentiality With a Client 378Case Study: Dr. I Does Not Report Child Abuse Due to Patient Pressure 379Case Study: Dr. J Has Strong Personal Values That Impact His Work With Clients 379Case Study: Dr. K Experiences Personal Prejudice That Impacts Her Work With Diverse Clients 380Case Study: Dr. L Takes Advantage of His Students for Personal Favors 380Case Study: Dr. M Is Greedy and Unwilling to Give Back to Society 380Case Study: Dr. N Allows Unqualified Trainees to Give Psychological Tests 383Case Study: Dr. O Uses Testing Materials for Purposes for WhichThey Were Not Developed 383Case Study: Dr. P Does Not Protect Psychological Tests From Misuse 384Case Study: Dr. Q Uses His Work With a Client for His Own Advantage 385Case Study: Ms. R Allows Others to Misrepresent Her Credentials 385Case Study: Dr. S Misleads Others About His Training 386Case Study: Dr. T Dates a Relative of His Patient 387Case Study: Dr. U Abandons His Clients 387Case Study: Dr. V Publishes Research in a Way to Help Her Career Rather Than Doing So More Responsibly 387Case Study: Dr. W Surprises His Students With Rejection Without Any Warning 388Highlight of a Contemporary Clinical Psychologist: Thomas G. Plante, PhD, ABPP 388Why Would a Psychologist Behave in an Unethical Manner? 389Case Study: Dr. X Does Not Provide Full Informed Consent to His Clients 390Case Study: Dr. Y Fails to Help and Support Her Students 391Case Study: Dr. AA Commits Insurance Fraud 391How Are Ethics Enforced? 391Case Study: Dr. BB Enters a Dual Relationship With His Client 392What Is the Process for Solving Ethical Dilemmas? 393Is Behaving in Accordance With Ethical Principles Always Clear-Cut? 393The Big Picture 394Key Points 395Key Terms 396For Reflection 396Real Students, Real Questions 396Web Resources 396Part Three Where Is Clinical Psychology Going, and Should I Go With It? 397Chapter 14 Current and Future Trends and Challenges 399Trends in Society 401Highlight of a Contemporary Psychologist: Carrie York Al-Karam, PhD 409Research Issues 411Practice Issues 411Reaching Beyond Mental Health in Contemporary Clinical Psychology 423Training Issues 424The Big Picture 425Key Points 425Key Terms 426For Reflection 427Real Students, Real Questions 427Web Resource 427Chapter 15 Becoming a Clinical Psychologist: A Roadmap 429College 430Applying to Graduate Programs in Clinical Psychology 434Graduate School in Clinical Psychology 436Clinical Internship 440Highlight of a Contemporary Clinical Psychologist: Martin M. Antony, PhD 440Postdoctoral Fellowship 443Specialization 443Certification and Licensure 443Employment 445The American Board of Professional Psychology Diploma 447Is Clinical Psychology Right for Me? 448How to Get More Information About Current Issues in Clinical Psychology 449The Big Picture 450Key Points 451Key Terms 452For Reflection 452Real Students, Real Questions 453Web Resources 453Glossary 455Appendix: Ethical Principles of Psychologists andCode of Conduct 465References 489Index 517