Emma Natalya Stein (PhD, Yale) is Assistant Curator of South and Southeast Asian Art at the Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, the Smithsonian's National Museum of Asian Art. Her research investigates the relationships among sacred architecture, urban space, and tropical landscapes. Dr. Stein has conducted fieldwork throughout South and Southeast Asia.

• Acknowledgements List of Illustrations Note on Transliteration, Translation, and Illustrations Introduction: All Streets Lead to Temples An Ancient City Layers of Time Kanchi Known and Unknown 1 Sandstone and the City: Building Pallava-Kanchi (ca. seventh through ninth century) From Brick to Stone (the Seventh Century) Sandstone Temples in the City (the Eighth Century) The Temples of Pallava-Kanchi Everywhere but Kanchi (the Ninth Century) Conclusion: Foundations Laid 2 Realignment: Kanchi in the Chola Era (ca. tenth through thirteenth century) Orienting the Gods Pilgrimage and Processions From Ancient Village to Temple Town Local Style Conclusion: Urban Logic 3 The City and its Ports Part 1: K.ETRA The River Networks Over the Hills The Coast Part II: K.ATRA Kanchi in a Buddhist World The City and its Mirrors Conclusion: From Kanchi to the Sea 4 Kanchi Under Colonialism: What Happened in Kanchi while those Towering Gateways Arose? Embattled Territory William Daniell’s Most Considerable Temple James Wathen’s Soaring View Henrietta Clive’s 'Hindoo Gods and Monsters' Colonel Colin Mackenzie’s Search for the Jains Surgeon George Russell Dartnell James Fergusson's Downward Spiral Prince Alexis Soltykoff's 'City of Infinite Temples' Conclusion: Plastered Pasts Epilogue: The Living Temple Encounter Expansion Continuation Bibliography Index

Emma Natalya Stein (PhD, Yale) is Assistant Curator of South and Southeast Asian Art at the Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, the Smithsonian's National Museum of Asian Art. Her research investigates the relationships among sacred architecture, urban space, and tropical landscapes. Dr. Stein has conducted fieldwork throughout South and Southeast Asia.

• Acknowledgements List of Illustrations Note on Transliteration, Translation, and Illustrations Introduction: All Streets Lead to Temples An Ancient City Layers of Time Kanchi Known and Unknown 1 Sandstone and the City: Building Pallava-Kanchi (ca. seventh through ninth century) From Brick to Stone (the Seventh Century) Sandstone Temples in the City (the Eighth Century) The Temples of Pallava-Kanchi Everywhere but Kanchi (the Ninth Century) Conclusion: Foundations Laid 2 Realignment: Kanchi in the Chola Era (ca. tenth through thirteenth century) Orienting the Gods Pilgrimage and Processions From Ancient Village to Temple Town Local Style Conclusion: Urban Logic 3 The City and its Ports Part 1: K.ETRA The River Networks Over the Hills The Coast Part II: K.ATRA Kanchi in a Buddhist World The City and its Mirrors Conclusion: From Kanchi to the Sea 4 Kanchi Under Colonialism: What Happened in Kanchi while those Towering Gateways Arose? Embattled Territory William Daniell’s Most Considerable Temple James Wathen’s Soaring View Henrietta Clive’s 'Hindoo Gods and Monsters' Colonel Colin Mackenzie’s Search for the Jains Surgeon George Russell Dartnell James Fergusson's Downward Spiral Prince Alexis Soltykoff's 'City of Infinite Temples' Conclusion: Plastered Pasts Epilogue: The Living Temple Encounter Expansion Continuation Bibliography Index

Emma Natalya Stein (PhD, Yale) is Assistant Curator of South and Southeast Asian Art at the Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, the Smithsonian's National Museum of Asian Art. Her research investigates the relationships among sacred architecture, urban space, and tropical landscapes. Dr. Stein has conducted fieldwork throughout South and Southeast Asia.

• Acknowledgements List of Illustrations Note on Transliteration, Translation, and Illustrations Introduction: All Streets Lead to Temples An Ancient City Layers of Time Kanchi Known and Unknown 1 Sandstone and the City: Building Pallava-Kanchi (ca. seventh through ninth century) From Brick to Stone (the Seventh Century) Sandstone Temples in the City (the Eighth Century) The Temples of Pallava-Kanchi Everywhere but Kanchi (the Ninth Century) Conclusion: Foundations Laid 2 Realignment: Kanchi in the Chola Era (ca. tenth through thirteenth century) Orienting the Gods Pilgrimage and Processions From Ancient Village to Temple Town Local Style Conclusion: Urban Logic 3 The City and its Ports Part 1: K.ETRA The River Networks Over the Hills The Coast Part II: K.ATRA Kanchi in a Buddhist World The City and its Mirrors Conclusion: From Kanchi to the Sea 4 Kanchi Under Colonialism: What Happened in Kanchi while those Towering Gateways Arose? Embattled Territory William Daniell’s Most Considerable Temple James Wathen’s Soaring View Henrietta Clive’s 'Hindoo Gods and Monsters' Colonel Colin Mackenzie’s Search for the Jains Surgeon George Russell Dartnell James Fergusson's Downward Spiral Prince Alexis Soltykoff's 'City of Infinite Temples' Conclusion: Plastered Pasts Epilogue: The Living Temple Encounter Expansion Continuation Bibliography Index