Isabel dos Guimarães Sá, Ph.D. (1992), European University Institute, teaches Early Modern History at the University of Minho. She has researched widely in the fields of the history of Portugal and of its empire from the sixteenth to the eighteenth centuries. Lisbeth Rodrigues, Ph.D. (2013), University of Minho, is an Assistant Professor of History at Nova School of Business and Economics, Nova University of Lisbon, and a researcher at ISEG, University of Lisbon. She has published widely on Portuguese welfare institutions and the credit market, including Debt Litigation and the Performance of the Law Courts in Eighteenth-Century Portugal (2019).