Frank R. Spellman, PhD, is a retired assistant professor of environmental health at Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, and author of more than 65 books covering topics ranging from concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) to all areas of environmental science and occupational health.

• Preface o Prologue Introduction o Setting the Stage o OSHA Standards o References Confined Space Entry: The OSHA Standard o Introduction o Confined Space Entry: Definitions o Example o Reference Evaluating the Workplace o Introduction o The Evaluation Process o Reference Permit-Required Confined Space Program o Introduction o Permit-Required Confined Space Program o Example o Pre-Entry Requirements o Reference Permit System o Introduction o Permit Requirements o Reference Confined Space Training o Introduction o Training Requirements for Confined Space Entry o Confined Space Training: The Bottom Line o Reference Assignment of On-Site Personnel o Introduction o Duties of Authorized Entrants o Duties of the Attendant o Duties of Entry Supervisors o References Confined Space Rescue o Introduction o Rescue Services o References Alternative Protection Measures o Introduction o Hierarchy of Permit-Required Confined Space Entry o Reference Procedures For Atmospheric Testing o Introduction o Testing Procedures o Air Monitoring and OSHA o Other OSHA Permit-Required Confined Space Audit Items o References Written Permit-Required Confined Space Entry Program o Introduction o Confined Space Pre-Entry Checklist o Written Confined Space Program (A Sample) o Purpose o General Program Management o Methods of Compliance o Appendix A: Chemical Exposure Limit List o Appendix B: Department Qualified Person List o References o Recommended References For Confined Space Entry Lockout/Tagout o Introduction o Lockout/Tagout Key Definitions o Lockout/Tagout Program (A Sample) o Purpose o Authorized Employees o Application and Compliance o Tags o Locks o Energy Analysis o Lockout/Tagout Procedure o Periodic Inspections o Training o Special Conditions o Methods of Informing Outside Contractors of Procedures o Appendix A: List of Authorized Employees o Appendix B: Equipment-Specific Lockout/Tagout Procedures o Reference Respiratory Protection o Introduction o Written Respiratory Protection Program (A Sample) o Introduction o Responsibilities o Definition of Terms o Types of Respirators o Respirator Selection and Distribution Procedures o Respirator Inspection, Maintenance, Cleaning and Storage o Respirator Fit-Testing o Medical Surveillance o Training o Documentation Procedures o Procedure For Safe Use of SCBA/Supplied Air Respirators o Reference Hot Work Permits o Introduction o Hot Work Permit Program (A Sample) o Introduction o Hot Work Definition o Hot Work Permit o Permit Information/Safe Work Practices o Filling Out the Hot Work Permit o Fire Watch Requirements o Reference Afterword