Complications in Anesthesia

• Section 1: Preoperative Conditions1 Adrenal Insufficiency2 Alzheimer's Disease3 Chemical Dependency: Nonopioids4 Chemical Dependency: Opioids5 Chronic Opioid Use6 Dialysis-Dependent Patients7 Do-Not-Resuscitate Orders in the Operating Room8 Drugs Affecting the Renin-Angiotensin System9 HIV Infection and AIDS10 Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy 11 Hyperthyroidism: Thyroid Storm12 Hypothyroidism: Myxedema Coma13 Mechanical Assist Devices14 Myasthenic Disorders15 Patient Confidentiality16 Patients with Cardiac Rhythm Management Devices17 Patients with Seizure Disorders18 Perioperative Management of Patients with Muscular Dystrophy19 Porphyrias20 Preanesthetic Evaluation:  False-Positive Tests21 Preanesthetic Evaluation:  Inadequate or Missing Test Result22 Preoperative Cardiac Interventions23 Sarcoidosis24 Sepsis, Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome, and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome25 Steroids26 The Jehovah's Witness Patient27 Unstable Cervical Spine, Atlantoaxial Subluxation28 Upper Respiratory Tract InfectionSection 2: Procedure-Related Complications29 Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair30 Adenotonsillectomy31 Anesthesia for Electroconvulsive Therapy32 Anesthetic Complications of Fetal Surgery: EXIT Procedures33 Antepartum Hemorrhage34 Anterior Mediastinal Mass35 Anticoagulants and Peripheral Nerve Block36 Anticoagulation Initiation and Reversal for Cardiac Surgery37 Arteriovenous Malformation: Normal Perfusion Pressure Breakthrough38 Bleeding After Cardiac Surgery39 Cardiomyopathies40 Cardioversion41 Carotid Endarterectomy42 Chronic NSAID Use43 Complications after Pneumonectomy44 Complications of Adrenal Surgery45 Complications of Carcinoid Tumors46 Complications of Laparoscopic Surgery47 Complications of Lithotripsy48 Complications of Massive Transfusion49 Complications of Radical Urologic Surgery50 Complications of Spinal Surgery51 Complications of Thyroid Surgery52 Complications of Transurethral Surgery53 Complications of Trauma Surgery54 Continuous Nerve Blocks: Perineural Local Anesthetic Infusion55 Extremity Tourniquets56 Fetal Distress57 Foreign Body Aspiration58 Head Injury59 Hemodilution and Blood Conservation60 Intracranial Aneurysms: Rebleeding61 Intracranial Aneurysms: Vasospasm and Other Issues62 Laryngoscopy and Microlaryngoscopy63 Major Organ System Dysfunction after Cardiopulmonary Bypass64 Mediastinal Masses65 Methylmethacrylate66 One-Lung Ventilation67 Open Globe Injury68 Perioperative Psychological Trauma69 Peripheral Vascular Surgery70 Pituitary Tumors: Diabetes Insipidus71 Posterior Fossa Surgery72 Postpartum Hemorrhage73 Preterm Labor74 Pulmonary Hypertension75 Retrobulbar Block76 Sedation of Pediatric Patients77 Spinal Cord Injury78 Thermally Injured Patients79 Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm80 Toxic Ingestion81 Troubleshooting Common Problems During Cardiopulmonary BypassSection 3: Intraoperative Agents and Potential Complications82 Antibiotics83 Antiemetic Drugs84 Antihistamines: H1- and H2-Blockers85 Autonomic Hyperreflexia86 Barbiturates: Porphyrias87 Disorders of Potassium Balance88 Intrathecal Opioids89 Ketamine90 Magnesium91 Magnetic Resonance Imaging92 Muscle Relaxants93 Nitrous Oxide: Neurotoxicity94 Nonbarbiturate Anesthetics95 Nondepolarizing Neuromuscular Block96 Perioperative Fluid Management97 Reversal Agents: Naloxone,  Flumazenil, and Sugammadex98 Succinylcholine99 Volatile Anesthetics: Organ Toxicity100 Blood and Blood Products: Infections101 Blood and Blood Products: Transfuction Reaction102 Epidural Anesthesia: Unintended Intrathecal Injection103 Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity104 Respiration Depression After Spinal AnesthesiaSection 4: Equipment-Related Complications105 Anesthesia Circuit106 Carbon Dioxide Absorbers107 Central Venous Pressure Monitoring108 Electrical Safety109 Fires in the Operating Room110 Flowmeters111 Intracranial Pressure Monitoring112 Intravenous Drug Delivery Systems113 Laser Complications114 Mechanical Ventilators115 Patient Warming Systems116 Pipeline Source Failure117 Proportioning Systems118 Pulmonary Artery Pressure Monitoring119 Rapid Fluid and Blood Delivery Systems120 Scavenging Systems121 Surgical Diathermy and Electrocautery122 Transesophageal Echocardiography123 VaporizersSection 5: Perioperative Events124 Adverse Neurologic Sequelae: Central Neurologic Impairment125 Adverse Neurologic Sequelae: Peripheral Nerve Injury126 Adverse Outcomes: Withheld Information or Misinformation127 Air Emboli128 Alleged Malpractice129 Anaphylaxis and Anaphylactoid Reactions130 Angioedema and Urticaria131 Autonomic Dysreflexia132 Awareness Under Anesthesia133 Bradyarrythmias134 Bronchospasm135 Celiac Plexus Block: Side Effects and Complications136 Corneal Injury137 Delayed Emergence138 Dental Injuries139 Difficult Airway and Failed Extubation140 Disorders of Water Homeostasis: Hyponatremia and Hypernatremia141 Embolic Events of Pregnancy142 Fat Embolism Syndrome143 Hypercoagulable States: Thrombosis and Embolism144 Hyperglycemia and Diabetic Ketoacidosis145 Hyperthermia146 Hypothermia147 Inadequate Pain Relief148 Infectious Complications of Central Neuraxial Block149 Interscalene Nerve Block: Potential Severe Complications150 Intracranial Hypertension151 Intractable Nausea and Vomiting152 Laryngeal and Tracheal Injury153 Latex Reactions in Health Care Personnel154 Local Anesthetic Neurotoxicity: Cauda Equina Syndrome155 Long QT Syndromes and Torsade de Pointes156 Metabolic Acidosis and Alkalosis157 Misidentification of a Patient158 Perioperative Hypertension159 Perioperative Hypoxia160 Perioperative Myocardial Ischemia and Infarction161 Perioperative Tachyarrhythmias162 Peripartum Neurologic Complications163 Persistent Paresthesia164 Postobstruction Pulmonary Edema165 Postoperative Acute Renal Failure166 Postoperative Delirium167 Postoperative Hemodynamic Instability168 Postoperative Hepatic Dysfunction169 Postoperative Peripheral Neuropathy170 Postoperative Pulmonary Hypertension171 Postoperative Respiratory Failure172 Postoperative Respiratory Insufficiency172 Postoperative Urinary Retention173 Postoperative Visual Loss174 Postpartum Headache other Than Post-Dural Puncture Headache175 Psoas Compartment Block: Potential Complications176 Pulmonary Aspiration177 Pulmonary Aspiration in the Parturient178 Spinal Anesthesia: Post-Dural Puncture Headache179 Spinal Hematoma180 Supraclavicular and Infraclavicular Block: Complications181 Syringe Swaps182 The Hostile-Combative Patient183 Thromboembolic Complications184 Unanticipated Hospital Admission and Readmission185 Uncontrolled Postoperative Pain186 Venous Air EmbolismSection 6: Pediatric Perioperative Events187 Delayed Emergence in Pediatric Patients188 Difficult Pediatric Airway189 Emergence Agitation190 Hypoglycemia and Hyperglycemia191 Hypothermia in Pediatric Patients192 Hypoxemia in Pediatric Patients193 Intraoperative Cardiac Arrest, Pediatric194 Latex Allergy/Anaphylaxis195 Malignant Hyperthermia196 Ophthalmic Problems and Complications, Pediatric197 Pediatric Hyperthermia198 Pediatric Laryngospasm199 Perioperative Aspiration Pneumonitis, Pediatric200 Postintubation Croup201 Postobstruction Pulmonary Edema in Pediatric Patients202 Postoperative Apnea in Infants203 Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting, PediatricSection 1: Preoperative Conditions1 Adrenal Insufficiency2 Alzheimer's Disease3 Chemical Dependency: Nonopioids4 Chemical Dependency: Opioids5 Chronic Opioid Use6 Dialysis-Dependent Patients7 Do-Not-Resuscitate Orders in the Operating Room8 Drugs Affecting the Renin-Angiotensin System9 HIV Infection and AIDS10 Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy 11 Hyperthyroidism: Thyroid Storm12 Hypothyroidism: Myxedema Coma13 Mechanical Assist Devices14 Myasthenic Disorders15 Patient Confidentiality16 Patients with Cardiac Rhythm Management Devices17 Patients with Seizure Disorders18 Perioperative Management of Patients with Muscular Dystrophy19 Porphyrias20 Preanesthetic Evaluation:  False-Positive Tests21 Preanesthetic Evaluation:  Inadequate or Missing Test Result22 Preoperative Cardiac Interventions23 Sarcoidosis24 Sepsis, Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome, and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome25 Steroids26 The Jehovah's Witness Patient27 Unstable Cervical Spine, Atlantoaxial Subluxation28 Upper Respiratory Tract InfectionSection 2: Procedure-Related Complications29 Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair30 Adenotonsillectomy31 Anesthesia for Electroconvulsive Therapy32 Anesthetic Complications of Fetal Surgery: EXIT Procedures33 Antepartum Hemorrhage34 Anterior Mediastinal Mass35 Anticoagulants and Peripheral Nerve Block36 Anticoagulation Initiation and Reversal for Cardiac Surgery37 Arteriovenous Malformation: Normal Perfusion Pressure Breakthrough38 Bleeding After Cardiac Surgery39 Cardiomyopathies40 Cardioversion41 Carotid Endarterectomy42 Chronic NSAID Use43 Complications after Pneumonectomy44 Complications of Adrenal Surgery45 Complications of Carcinoid Tumors46 Complications of Laparoscopic Surgery47 Complications of Lithotripsy48 Complications of Massive Transfusion49 Complications of Radical Urologic Surgery50 Complications of Spinal Surgery51 Complications of Thyroid Surgery52 Complications of Transurethral Surgery53 Complications of Trauma Surgery54 Continuous Nerve Blocks: Perineural Local Anesthetic Infusion55 Extremity Tourniquets56 Fetal Distress57 Foreign Body Aspiration58 Head Injury59 Hemodilution and Blood Conservation60 Intracranial Aneurysms: Rebleeding61 Intracranial Aneurysms: Vasospasm and Other Issues62 Laryngoscopy and Microlaryngoscopy63 Major Organ System Dysfunction after Cardiopulmonary Bypass64 Mediastinal Masses65 Methylmethacrylate66 One-Lung Ventilation67 Open Globe Injury68 Perioperative Psychological Trauma69 Peripheral Vascular Surgery70 Pituitary Tumors: Diabetes Insipidus71 Posterior Fossa Surgery72 Postpartum Hemorrhage73 Preterm Labor74 Pulmonary Hypertension75 Retrobulbar Block76 Sedation of Pediatric Patients77 Spinal Cord Injury78 Thermally Injured Patients79 Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm80 Toxic Ingestion81 Troubleshooting Common Problems During Cardiopulmonary BypassSection 3: Intraoperative Agents and Potential Complications82 Antibiotics83 Antiemetic Drugs84 Antihistamines: H1- and H2-Blockers85 Autonomic Hyperreflexia86 Barbiturates: Porphyrias87 Disorders of Potassium Balance88 Intrathecal Opioids89 Ketamine90 Magnesium91 Magnetic Resonance Imaging92 Muscle Relaxants93 Nitrous Oxide: Neurotoxicity94 Nonbarbiturate Anesthetics95 Nondepolarizing Neuromuscular Block96 Perioperative Fluid Management97 Reversal Agents: Naloxone,  Flumazenil, and Sugammadex98 Succinylcholine99 Volatile Anesthetics: Organ Toxicity100 Blood and Blood Products: Infections101 Blood and Blood Products: Transfuction Reaction102 Epidural Anesthesia: Unintended Intrathecal Injection103 Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity104 Respiration Depression After Spinal AnesthesiaSection 4: Equipment-Related Complications105 Anesthesia Circuit106 Carbon Dioxide Absorbers107 Central Venous Pressure Monitoring108 Electrical Safety109 Fires in the Operating Room110 Flowmeters111 Intracranial Pressure Monitoring112 Intravenous Drug Delivery Systems113 Laser Complications114 Mechanical Ventilators115 Patient Warming Systems116 Pipeline Source Failure117 Proportioning Systems118 Pulmonary Artery Pressure Monitoring119 Rapid Fluid and Blood Delivery Systems120 Scavenging Systems121 Surgical Diathermy and Electrocautery122 Transesophageal Echocardiography123 VaporizersSection 5: Perioperative Events124 Adverse Neurologic Sequelae: Central Neurologic Impairment125 Adverse Neurologic Sequelae: Peripheral Nerve Injury126 Adverse Outcomes: Withheld Information or Misinformation127 Air Emboli128 Alleged Malpractice129 Anaphylaxis and Anaphylactoid Reactions130 Angioedema and Urticaria131 Autonomic Dysreflexia132 Awareness Under Anesthesia133 Bradyarrythmias134 Bronchospasm135 Celiac Plexus Block: Side Effects and Complications136 Corneal Injury137 Delayed Emergence138 Dental Injuries139 Difficult Airway and Failed Extubation140 Disorders of Water Homeostasis: Hyponatremia and Hypernatremia141 Embolic Events of Pregnancy142 Fat Embolism Syndrome143 Hypercoagulable States: Thrombosis and Embolism144 Hyperglycemia and Diabetic Ketoacidosis145 Hyperthermia146 Hypothermia147 Inadequate Pain Relief148 Infectious Complications of Central Neuraxial Block149 Interscalene Nerve Block: Potential Severe Complications150 Intracranial Hypertension151 Intractable Nausea and Vomiting152 Laryngeal and Tracheal Injury153 Latex Reactions in Health Care Personnel154 Local Anesthetic Neurotoxicity: Cauda Equina Syndrome155 Long QT Syndromes and Torsade de Pointes156 Metabolic Acidosis and Alkalosis157 Misidentification of a Patient158 Perioperative Hypertension159 Perioperative Hypoxia160 Perioperative Myocardial Ischemia and Infarction161 Perioperative Tachyarrhythmias162 Peripartum Neurologic Complications163 Persistent Paresthesia164 Postobstruction Pulmonary Edema165 Postoperative Acute Renal Failure166 Postoperative Delirium167 Postoperative Hemodynamic Instability168 Postoperative Hepatic Dysfunction169 Postoperative Peripheral Neuropathy170 Postoperative Pulmonary Hypertension171 Postoperative Respiratory Failure172 Postoperative Respiratory Insufficiency172 Postoperative Urinary Retention173 Postoperative Visual Loss174 Postpartum Headache other Than Post-Dural Puncture Headache175 Psoas Compartment Block: Potential Complications176 Pulmonary Aspiration177 Pulmonary Aspiration in the Parturient178 Spinal Anesthesia: Post-Dural Puncture Headache179 Spinal Hematoma180 Supraclavicular and Infraclavicular Block: Complications181 Syringe Swaps182 The Hostile-Combative Patient183 Thromboembolic Complications184 Unanticipated Hospital Admission and Readmission185 Uncontrolled Postoperative Pain186 Venous Air EmbolismSection 6: Pediatric Perioperative Events187 Delayed Emergence in Pediatric Patients188 Difficult Pediatric Airway189 Emergence Agitation190 Hypoglycemia and Hyperglycemia191 Hypothermia in Pediatric Patients192 Hypoxemia in Pediatric Patients193 Intraoperative Cardiac Arrest, Pediatric194 Latex Allergy/Anaphylaxis195 Malignant Hyperthermia196 Ophthalmic Problems and Complications, Pediatric197 Pediatric Hyperthermia198 Pediatric Laryngospasm199 Perioperative Aspiration Pneumonitis, Pediatric200 Postintubation Croup201 Postobstruction Pulmonary Edema in Pediatric Patients202 Postoperative Apnea in Infants203 Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting, Pediatric

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