Compendium for the LNG and CNG Practitioner

Werner Hermeling is a trained engineer in chemical plant engineering and heat, ventilation and air conditioning technology with many years of practical experience in the field of cryogenic liquefied gases, their transport, regasification compression. He is the inventor of several patented and implemented solutions in the field.

• LNG and its thermodynamics.- Importance of LNG.- The main thermodynamic processes involved in the production, transportation and storage of LNG.- LNG, from source to end customer.- LNG - Liquefaction at source and transportation to hub.- LNG - Transportation to and storage at end customer.- Closed and open hose system.- The continuous and discontinuous operation.- Refueling while maintaining process pressure.- LNG - Applications.- Supply systems.- Natural gas filling stations.- Filling of natural gas cylinders and natural gas bundles.- Functional principle of components.- Tank designs.- Piping and fittings.- Sensor technology.- Valves in the cryogenic range and in the gas phase.- Air vaporizers.- Gas preheaters.- Odorization.- Gas pressure regulators.- Safety devices.- Safety valves.- Safety shut-off valve.-  Overfill protection.- Exhaust gas routing.- Hose coupling for tank filling.- Insulations.- Tank earthing.- Plant approval procedure.- Installation and securing (start-up protection) of the plant.- Protective measures.- Training recommendation.- Codes of practice and data sheets.