George M. Fredrickson is Robinson Professor of United States History at Stanford University, and author of several books, including Black Liberation: A Comparative History of Black Ideologies in the United States and South Africa (1995), The Arrogance of Race: Historical Perspectives on Slavery, Racism, and Social Inequality (1988), The Black Image in the White Mind (1987), and White Supremacy: A Comparative Study in American and South African History (1981). He was president of the Organization for American Historians for 1997-98.

• IntroductionPART ONE. HISTORIOGRAPHICAL EXPLORATIONS1. The Status of Comparative History 2. The Frontier in South African and American History3. From Exceptionalism to Variability:Recent Developments in Cross-National Comparative History4· Planters, Junkers, and PomeschikiPART TWO. RACE AND RACISM IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE5. Understanding Racism: Reflections of a Comparative Historian6. Race and Empire in Liberal Thought: TheLegacy of Tocqueville7· Black-White Relations since Emancipation:The Search for a Comparative PerspectivePART THREE. TWENTIETH-CENTURY FREEDOM STRUGGLES8. Reform and Revolution in American and South African Freedom Struggles 9· Prophets of Black Liberation 1O. Nonviolent Resistance to White Supremacy:The American Civil Rights Movement and the South African Defiance Campaigns 11. From Black Power to Black Consciousness Notes Index

George M. Fredrickson is Robinson Professor of United States History at Stanford University, and author of several books, including Black Liberation: A Comparative History of Black Ideologies in the United States and South Africa (1995), The Arrogance of Race: Historical Perspectives on Slavery, Racism, and Social Inequality (1988), The Black Image in the White Mind (1987), and White Supremacy: A Comparative Study in American and South African History (1981). He was president of the Organization for American Historians for 1997-98.

• IntroductionPART ONE. HISTORIOGRAPHICAL EXPLORATIONS1. The Status of Comparative History 2. The Frontier in South African and American History3. From Exceptionalism to Variability:Recent Developments in Cross-National Comparative History4· Planters, Junkers, and PomeschikiPART TWO. RACE AND RACISM IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE5. Understanding Racism: Reflections of a Comparative Historian6. Race and Empire in Liberal Thought: TheLegacy of Tocqueville7· Black-White Relations since Emancipation:The Search for a Comparative PerspectivePART THREE. TWENTIETH-CENTURY FREEDOM STRUGGLES8. Reform and Revolution in American and South African Freedom Struggles 9· Prophets of Black Liberation 1O. Nonviolent Resistance to White Supremacy:The American Civil Rights Movement and the South African Defiance Campaigns 11. From Black Power to Black Consciousness Notes Index

George M. Fredrickson is Robinson Professor of United States History at Stanford University, and author of several books, including Black Liberation: A Comparative History of Black Ideologies in the United States and South Africa (1995), The Arrogance of Race: Historical Perspectives on Slavery, Racism, and Social Inequality (1988), The Black Image in the White Mind (1987), and White Supremacy: A Comparative Study in American and South African History (1981). He was president of the Organization for American Historians for 1997-98.

• IntroductionPART ONE. HISTORIOGRAPHICAL EXPLORATIONS1. The Status of Comparative History 2. The Frontier in South African and American History3. From Exceptionalism to Variability:Recent Developments in Cross-National Comparative History4· Planters, Junkers, and PomeschikiPART TWO. RACE AND RACISM IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE5. Understanding Racism: Reflections of a Comparative Historian6. Race and Empire in Liberal Thought: TheLegacy of Tocqueville7· Black-White Relations since Emancipation:The Search for a Comparative PerspectivePART THREE. TWENTIETH-CENTURY FREEDOM STRUGGLES8. Reform and Revolution in American and South African Freedom Struggles 9· Prophets of Black Liberation 1O. Nonviolent Resistance to White Supremacy:The American Civil Rights Movement and the South African Defiance Campaigns 11. From Black Power to Black Consciousness Notes Index