Compact Antennas for Wireless Communications and Terminals

Jean-Marc Laheurte is Professor at the University of Paris-Est Marne-La-Vallée where he is in charge of the antenna group of the ESYCOM laboratory and heads the Gaspard Monge Institute. His current research interests include the design and evaluation of diversity antennas for indoor communications, RFID systems, BAN antennas and BAN channel modeling. He is also active in the electromagnetic modeling of urban scatterers in mobile communications. He also teaches in various European institutions within the framework of the European School of Antennas.

• Introduction xiChapter 1. General Information About Printed Antennas 1Jean-Marc LAHEURTE1.1. Physical characteristics 11.2. Properties, limitations, and applications 41.3. Printed rectangular antenna viewed as a wide microstrip line 71.4. Manufacturing processes 81.5. Microwave substrates 11Chapter 2. Transmission Line Model 15Jean-Marc LAHEURTE2.1. Introduction152.2. Equivalent circuit 162.3. Input impedance 20Chapter 3. Cavity Model 25Jean-Marc LAHEURTE3.1. Introduction 253.2. Formulation of the electromagnetic problem 253.3. Calculation of expressions for fields and currents of a rectangular patch 293.4. Expressions for principal modes 313.5. Cartography of modal currents and associated radiation patterns  33Chapter 4. Radiation of a Printed Antenna 39Jean-Marc LAHEURTE4.1. Introduction 394.2. Modelization using two equivalent radiating slots 404.3. Calculation of the field radiated by a horizontal radiating slot 434.4. Calculation of the field radiated by the rectangular patch 444.5. Determination of the radiation pattern in the principal planes 444.6. Influence of height 464.7. Influence of the ground plane 474.8. Polarization 484.9. Directivity 494.10. Influence of the substrate on resonant frequency: parametric study based on antenna RCS 51Chapter 5. Electrical Equivalent Circuit of a Printed Antenna 55Jean-Marc LAHEURTE5.1. Energy considerations 555.2. Equivalent circuit 575.3. Determination of WE, WM, and B for a rectangular patch 585.4. Modeling using a tank circuit 605.5. Quality factor of an antenna 625.6. Calculation of radiation quality factor 635.7. Calculation of efficiency 645.8. Influence of surface waves on bandwidth and efficiency 67Chapter 6. Feeding Circuits for Microstrip Antennas 69Jean-Marc LAHEURTE and Benoît POUSSOT6.1. Introduction 696.2. Direct coupling by coaxial probe 716.3. Excitation by proximity coupling 736.4. Excitation by slot coupling 74Chapter 7. Circularly Polarized Antennas 89Jean-Marc LAHEURTE, Marjorie GRZESKOWIAK and Stéphane PROTAT7.1. Principles of circular polarization 907.2. Parasitic radiation – degradation of circular polarization 947.3. Patch fed by single or dual excitation 967.4. Sequential array 997.5. Spiral and quadrifilar helix antennas 1087.6. Conclusion 119Chapter 8. Wideband Antennas 121Xavier BEGAUD8.1. Multiresonant antennas 1228.2. Traveling wave antennas 1258.3. Frequency independent antennas 1268.4. Ultra-wideband antennas 1328.5. Conclusion 140Chapter 9. Miniature Antennas 143Guillaume VILLEMAUD9.1. Introduction 1439.2. Which types of antennas should be used for integration? 1449.3. Integration limits in a finite volume 1459.4. Resonant antennas in fundamental mode 1469.5. Bulk reduction techniques 1529.6. Multiresonant antennas 1649.7. Synthesis and discussion 166Chapter 10. Reconfigurable Antennas 169Jean-Marc LAHEURTE10.1. Introduction 16910.2. Basic topologies and constraints 17010.3. Switched components: available technologies 17410.4. Frequency reconfigurable antennas (FRAs) 18010.5. Introduction to RAs in terms of polarization and radiation pattern 18510.6. Polarized reconfigurable antennas (PRAs) 18710.7. Radiation pattern reconfigurable antennas (RPRAs) 190Chapter 11. Introduction to Antenna Diversity 205Lionel RUDANT11.1. Benefits of antenna diversity 20511.2. Performance of multiantenna systems 21411.3. Multiantenna systems 22211.4. Conclusion and looking toward MIMO 228Bibliography 233List of Authors 241Index 243