Fabien Girard is an Associate Professor in the Faculty of Law at Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), France, and also an Associate Research Fellow, Maison Française d’Oxford (MFO), UK.Christine Frison is a Postdoctoral Research Fellow both at the Research Foundation – Flanders (FWO) with the Law Faculty of the University of Antwerp, Belgium, and at the Fund for Scientific Research (FNRS) with the Institute for Interdisciplinary Research in Legal Sciences (JUR-I) of the Catholic University of Louvain, Belgium.

• Introduction: Commoning the Seeds: The Future of Agrobiodiversity and Food Security 1. Farmers, Innovation, and Intellectual Property: Current Trends and their Consequences for Food Security Part I: Access, Benefit-Sharing and Licensing 2. Beyond Access and Benefit-Sharing: Lessons from the Emergence and Application of the Principle of Fair and Equitable Benefit-Sharing in Agrobiodiversity Governance 3. Patent & Benefit sharing. What can we learn from the Quassia amara lawsuit? What is the problem? 4. Open Sesame: Open Source and Crops 5. Creating universal and sustainable access to plants and seeds: The role of clearinghouses, open source licenses, and inclusive patents Part II: Theoretical Frameworks 6. Private Law Arrangements for the Commons: A New Comparative Perspective 7. Composing the Common World of the Local Bio-Commons in the Age of the Anthropocene Part III: The Struggle for the Recovery of the Shrinking Bio-Commons 8. An Anthropological Lens on Property and Access: Gudeman’s Dialectics of Community and Market 9. Which scale to understand seed fluxes in small-scale farming societies? Snapshots of sorghum from Africa 10. Making the Difference with a Common Plant: The Recovery of Guarana by the Sateré-Mawé (Brazil) 11. What Legal Framework for Safeguarding Traditional Seeds? Building the Commons in Colombia Part IV: A New Vitality for the Bio-Commons? 12. Governing Landraces and Associated Knowledge as a Commons. From Theory to Practice 13. ‘Free our seeds!’ Strategies of farmers’ movements to reappropriate seeds 14. Geographical Indications and the Commons: What Matters? 15. Bio-commons in an industrialized country: a viable option? Part V: Thinking Global: a Global Commons for the Seed? 16. The Benefit Sharing Mechanisms under the International Treaty: Heterogeneity and Equity in Global Resources Management 17. Planting the Commons: Towards Redesigning an Equitable Global Seed Exchange

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