Colorimetric Sensor Technology for Healthcare and Environmental Applications

Colorimetric detection is a widely used technique for detecting biological and non-biological analytes. This method generates a signal by developing color or discoloration of the assay. The application of nanomaterials can enhance the sensing signal at ultra-low concentrations of target molecules. Simple and rapid methodologies for the detection of biological and chemical targets are extremely important in the management of community health, disease diagnosis, and the environment. Colorimetric detection of biological and chemical moieties is particularly fascinating and attractive compared with numerous traditional methodologies due to its convenience, ease, and cost-effectiveness. The colorimetric signal is easy to assess with the naked eye without using any sophisticated instrument, making it a suitable assay for on-site detection. Generally, enzymes are used in colorimetric detection, which have some inherent limitations, such as complex preparation and purification costs, low operational stability, high sensitivity to environmental circumstances, and complications in reprocessing and reuse. Nowadays, nanomaterials-based colorimetric detection is very popular as it works under harsh circumstances, such as high pressures, high temperatures, extreme pH, and organic solvents. Research in this field is growing rapidly, significantly impacting different health and environmental aspects. However, there is no comprehensive information on the fabrication and application of these sensors in one place. This book will review the studies on the synthesis and modelling of nanomaterials that have led to breakthroughs and applications in colorimetric/ simple detection tools.