Laurens Lavrysen is a Postdoctoral Researcher (funded by the FWO – Research Foundation Flanders), connected to the Human Rights Centre of Ghent University.Natasa Mavronicola is Reader in Law at Birmingham Law School, University of Birmingham.

• 1. Coercive Human Rights: Introducing the Sharp Edge of the European Convention on Human Rights Natasa Mavronicola and Laurens LavrysenPART IKEY THREADS IN ECtHR DOCTRINE2. Positive Obligations and the Criminal Law: A Bird’s-Eye View on the Case Law of the European Court of Human Rights Laurens Lavrysen3. Positive Obligations and Coercion: Deterrence as a Key Factor in the European Court of Human Rights’ Case Law Paul Lemmens and Marie CourtoyPART IIPERSPECTIVES ON VICTIMS’ PROTECTION AND REDRESS4. Retribution through Reparations? Evaluating the European Court of Human Rights’ Jurisprudence on Gross Human Rights Violations from a Victim’s Perspective Alina Balta5. Shaping Coercive Obligations through Vulnerability: The Example of the ECtHR Corina Heri6. Criminal Law Responses to Hate Speech: Towards a Systematic Approach in Strasbourg? Stephanos StavrosPART IIICRITICAL REFLECTIONS: THEORY, IMPACT, LIMITATIONS7. Positive Obligations in View of the Principle of Criminal Law as a Last Resort Nina Peršak8. Sowing a ‘Culture of Conviction’: What Shall Domestic Criminal Justice Systems Reap from Coercive Human Rights? Mattia Pinto9. Coercive Overreach, Dilution and Diversion: Potential Dangers of Aligning Human Rights Protection with Criminal Law (Enforcement) Natasa Mavronicola10. Separating Protection from the Exigencies of the Criminal Law: Achievements and Challenges under Article 4 ECHR Vladislava Stoyanova11. The Limitations of a Criminal Law Approach in a Transitional Justice Context Brice DicksonPART IVUNCHARTED WATERS FOR THE ECtHR’S COERCIVE DUTIES DOCTRINE12. Preventive Obligations, Risk and Coercive Overreach Liora Lazarus13. Coercive Human Rights and Unlawfully Obtained Evidence in Domestic Criminal Proceedings Kelly M PitcherPostscript: Coercive Human Rights in Times of Coronavirus Natasa Mavronicola and Laurens Lavrysen

This volume is an excellent example of a critical examination of the jurisprudence of the ECHR. It not only provides clarity about their guidelines, justification and implications in an area that is gaining in importance, but also provides impetus for further development as well as references to possible limits and risks of the concept of criminal law protection obligations.