CMOS RF and mm-Wave Transceivers and Synthesizers

Solid acid catalysts have been used mainly in petroleum refining and petrochemical processes. From the viewpoint of chemicals and energy resources, the utilization of resources other than fossil ones is important for overcoming environmental issues and constructing a sustainable society. One of the candidates for resources for chemicals is biomass. Solid acid catalysts should play important roles in some steps of biomass conversions. During the past decade, the research on solid acid catalysis has progressed in some fields. This new edition presents some important developments in these fields in a new chapter. The topics include (1) catalytic biodiesel production, (2) water-tolerant Lewis acid catalysts, (3) detailed IR study of adsorption and reaction of 1-butene, (4) on-purpose propene formation from light alkenes, (5) novel solid acid catalysts: crystalline zirconium sulfate (Zr3SO9) and boron nitride (BN), and (6) acidity characterization of solid acid catalysts by solid-state 31P NMR.