CMOS Capacitive Sensors for Lab-on-Chip Applications

Ebrahim Ghafar-Zadeh received the BSc and MSc degrees in Electrical Engineering from KNT and Tehran Universities, Tehran, Iran, in 1992 and 1994, respectively. In 1994 he joints the electrical engineering department at SCU University, Ahvaz, Iran as faculty memeber. During 2004-2008, he pursued a PhD degree in electrical engineering at Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal, Canada. In January 2008 and September 2008, he received two fellowship award from NSERC Canada and ReSMiQ Quebec, Canada which allowed him to continue his research for fully integrated bacteria detection. The research interests of Dr. Ghafar-zadeh include the circuit and system design, implementation and packaging technologies for lab-on-chip applications. Mohamad Sawan received his BSc in Electrical Engineering from Universite Laval (1984), and MSc (1986) and PhD (1990) both in Electrical Engineering from Universite de Sherbrooke. He then completed post-doctoral training at Montreal's McGill University in 1991, and in that same year, joined Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal, where he is currently a Professor of Microelectronics. Dr. Sawan's scientific interests focus on the design and testing of mixed-signal (analog, digital and RF) circuits and systems; digital and analog signal processing; and the modelling, design, integration, assembly and validation of advanced wirelessly powered and controlled monitoring and measurement techniques. These topics are oriented toward biomedical implantable devices and telecommunications applications. Dr. Sawan is holder of the Canada Research Chair in Smart Medical Devices. He heads the Microsystems Strategic Alliance of Quebec - ReSMiQ and is founder of the Eastern Canada Chapter of the IEEE-Solid State Circuits Society. He also founded the International IEEE-NEWCAS conference, co-founded the International Functional Electrical Stimulation Society, and founded the Polystim Neurotechnologies Laboratory at Ecole Polytechnique. He is the editor of Springer mixed-signal letters, Chair of the IEEE Biomedical CAS (BioCAS) Technical Committee, and member of the Biotechnology Council representing the IEEE-CAS Society. He has been awarded seven patents. He received the Barbara Turnbull Award for spinal cord research, the Medal of Merit from the Lebanese President (2005), and the J.-A. Bombardier Award from the Association Francophone pour le savoir (ACFAS). Dr. Sawan is a Fellow of both the Canadian Academy of Engineering and the IEEE.

• 1: Introduction. 1.1 Overview of Lab-on-Chip. 1.2 From Macro to Micro Bioassays. 1.3 CMOS-Based Lab-on-Chips. 1.4 Objectives and Organization of book. 2: CMOS sensing electrodes. 2.1 On-chip microelectrode configurations. 2.2 Micromachining gold electrode on CMOS chip. 2.3 Electrical model of capacitive sensing electrodes. 2.4 Summary.3: Capacitive Biochemical Interfaces. 3.1 Biochemical capacitive sensing methods. 3.2 Design of recognition element: An example for CGM. 3.3 Summary. 4: Capacitive Interface circuits. 4.1 LBCS vs. MBCS. 4.2 LBCS methods. 4.3 Core-CBCM interface circuit. 4.4 Core-CBCM ?? capacitive sensor. 4.5 Core-CBCM capacitive sensing system. 4.6 Summary.5: Microfluidic Packaging Techniques. 5.1 Microfluidic packaging methods. 5.2 Direct-write microfabrication process. 5.3 Direct-write microfluidic packaging procedure. 5.4 Emerging applications of DWFP. 5.5 Summary.6: Present and Future Technology of Capacitive Biosensors. 6.1 Conventional impedometric and capacitive measurement systems. 6.2 Handheld impedance measurement systems. 6.3 Towards fully integrated capacitive sensing LoC. 6.4 Summary.