Classical Caledonia

Dr Alan Montgomery received his PhD at the Birkbeck, University of London in 2016 and published several papers in key journals, including the Journal of British Identities and The Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. Montgomery was elected a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland last year.

• IntroductionScotland: An Indomitable LandInventing a NationScottish Visions of RomeRediscovering Roman ScotlandChapter 1: Imagining a Classical Caledonia: Sir Robert Sibbald’s Vision of Scotland’s Roman PastEducation, Achievements and AntiquarianismSibbald’s Vision of Roman ScotlandSources and MethodologyInfluences on Sibbald’s Roman ScotlandSibbald’s Antiquarian Reputation and LegacyChapter 2: Walled Out of Humanity: Sir John Clerk and his CircleEarly Life and Grand TourAncient Rome and Modern UnionAntiquarian and PatronClerk’s Response to Roman Scotland A Mission to Classicise ScotlandChapter 3: Resisting the ‘Conquerors of the Universe’: Celebrating the Caledonian Rejection of RomeUnconquered Caledonia in Anti-Union RhetoricScotland’s Rejection of Rome in Early Eighteenth-Century HistoriographyCaledonian Indomitability in Literary VerseEnglish Attitudes Towards Caledonian LibertyChapter 4: ‘Beyond the Vallum’: English Interpretations of Scottish HistoryWilliam Stukeley, Antiquarianism and RomeStukeley’s Roman ScotlandStukeley’s Sources and InfluencesJohn Horsley and his Britannia RomanaRoman Scotland as Portrayed in Britannia RomanaThe Reputations and Influence of Stukeley and HorsleyOther English Views of Roman ScotlandChapter 5: ‘Monuments and Delights of the Arts’: Rediscovering the Material Remains of Rome in ScotlandDiscovery and ExcavationPrivate Collections of Roman AntiquitiesInstitutional CollectionsScotland’s Roman Inscriptions The Artistic Merits of Scotland’s Roman StonesMisunderstanding and Misrepresentation of Material RemainsAntiquarian Interpretations of Scotland’s Roman MonumentsChapter 6: Reconquering the Highlands: Hanoverian Interpretations of Roman ScotlandHanoverian ‘Romans’ versus Highland ‘Caledonians’General Robert Melville and the Rediscovery of Agricola’s CampaignsThe Genesis of William Roy’s Military Antiquities of the Romans in BritainRoy’s Interpretation of Scotland’s Roman HeritageAlexander Shand and his ‘Esteemed Discoveries of the Greatest Importance’Roman Scotland as British HistoryChapter 7: The Age of ‘Agricolamania’: Early Modern Uses and Abuses of Tacitus’ AgricolaThe Rediscovery and Early Reception of Tacitus’ AgricolaAgricola the HeroAgricola the EnemyAgricolamaniaChapter 8: Forging a Nation: The Spurious Histories of Charles Bertram and James MacphersonCharles Bertram and the De Situ BritanniaeThe De Situ Britanniae and Roman ScotlandJames Macpherson and the OssianRome Versus Caledonia in the Poems of OssianFilling the Void: The Motivations of Bertram and MacphersonChapter 9: After Ossian: Changing Interpretations of Roman ScotlandLater Eighteenth-Century Romanist AntiquarianismRegional AntiquarianismThe Influence of OssianNew Approaches to Scottish HistoryChanging Visions of ScotlandConclusionNineteenth-Century Approaches to Roman EnglandClassical Caledonia: A Study in Historical FailureModern Attitudes to Patriotic Scottish History

Classical Caledonia is a much-needed and thorough examination of the power and imagery of the Roman incursions into Scotland which continue to form part of Scottish national identity for Unionists and Nationalists alike.