Civil Rights and African Americans

Albert P. Balustein, Professor of Law Emeritus at the Rutgers Law School in Camden, is the president of the Philadelphia Constitution Foundation and counsel to the Philadelphia-based law firm of Dilworth, Paxson, Kalish, and Kauffman. He has authored and edited more than twenty-five books, including the twenty-two volume Constitutions of the Countries of the World and the eight-volume Constitutions of Dependencies and Special Sovereignties. He is the co-author of the Human Rights Sourcebook and Desegregation and the Law. Robert L. Zangrando is professor of history at the Unviersity of Akron, and has published widely on the American civil rights movement. He is author of The NAACP Crusade against Lynching (1909-1950) and is currently working on a biography of Walter White.

• PrefacePreface to the First EditionI. Slavery and the New World—1619-1775First Negroes at JamestownPrivileges and Exemptions for PatroonsMassachusetts Body of LibertiesAn Act Concerning Negroes, MarylandProtest of the Germantown MennonitesThe First Abolitionist TractRegulations Concerning Negroes, New JerseySmith v. Brown and CooperThe AssientoSlavery in Georgia: From Prohibition to AcceptanceBlackstone's Commentaries on the Law of EnglandThe Somerset CaseII. Slavery During the Revolutionary and National Periods—1776-1820Declaration of IndependenceDelaware ConstitutionThe Quock Walker CaseNorthwestern OrdinanceConstitution of the United StatesFugitive Slave ActAct to Prohibit the Importation of SlavesMississippi and Alabama State ConstitutionsVirginia Statute on Slaves, Free Negroes, and MulattoesAmerican Colonization Society MemorialIII. Expansion and the Anti-Slavery Controversy—1820-1860The Missouri CompromiseElkison v. DeliesselineGarrison's LiberatorCalhoun's ResolutionThe Amistad CaseRoberts v. BostonWilmot ProvisoThe Compromise of 1850Teaching Negroes to ReadThe Kansas-Nebraska TerritoriesThe Dred Scott CaseThe Lincoln-Douglas DebatesIncident at Harpers FerryThe Mississippi Legislature on the Right of SecessionIV. Civil War and Reconstruction—1861-1883Confederate States of America—ConstitutionFederal Confiscation ActsLincoln's Wartime ObjecctiveEmancipation Proclamation—A Wartime MeasureJefferson Davis on the Negro in WartimeThe Thirteenth AmendmentFreedmen's BureauSouthern Black CodesThe Fourteenth AmendmentThe Civil Rights ActsThe Fifteenth AmendmentSenator Blanche K. Bruce on the Mississippi ElectionThe Reconstruction Era CasesUnited States v. CruikshankHall v. DecuirStrauder v. West VirginiaThe Civil Rights CasesV. National Growth and the Era of Jim Crow—1884-1914Frederick Douglass Denounces Lynch LawBooker T. Washington and CompromiseNew York's Civil Rights ActPlessy v. Ferguson—The Doctrine of "Separate but Equal"The Louisiana ConstitutionTennessee's Jim Crow Law in EducationCongressional Valedictory of the NegroThe Classic Southern Position on the NegroVI. Emergence of Negro Protest—1951-1941W. E. B. Du Bois's Program for the American NegroVoting Rights and the Grandfather ClauseFrench Directive on the Treatment of Black American TroopsThe Program of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored PeopleThe Supreme Court and the Right to a Fair TrialMarcus Garvey Extols Black NationalismThe Scottsboro CasesThe Gavagan Antilynching BillVII. War, and Cold War: Executive and Judicial Responses—1941-1958President Roosevelt's Fair Employment Practices CommitteeScrews v. United States—Murder and the Fourteenth AmendmentPresident Truman's Civil Rights ProgramIntegration in the Armed ServicesShelley v. Kraemer—On Segregated HousingTexas White Primary CasesBrown v. Board of Education of Topeka: The Predecessor CasesSchool Segregation CasesReactions to Brown v. Board of Education of TopekaThe Little Rock CrisisVIII. Civil Rights and the Congressional Response—1957-1968The Civil Rights Act (1957)The Civil Rights Act (1960)President Kennedy on Negro RightsNAACP v. ButtonFreedom to the Free—Report of the United States Commission on Civil RightsMartin Luther King, Jr.: Letter from a Birmingham JailThe Sit-In CasesThe Antipoll Tax AmendmentThe Civil Rights Act (1964)Equality in AccommodationsPresident Johnson's Commencement Address at Howard UniversityThe Voting Rights ActSouth Carolina v. KatzenbachUnited States v. PriceSchool Desegregation GuidelinesBlack PowerRacial Isolation in the Public SchoolsU.S. Riot Commission Report—Official SummaryIndex