Lex Paulson is the Executive Director of the UM6P School of Collective Intelligence (Morocco) and lectures in advocacy at Sciences Po-Paris. Trained in classics and community organizing, he served as mobilization strategist for the campaigns of Barack Obama in 2008 and Emmanuel Macron in 2017. He has led projects in democratic innovation and leadership for UNICEF, the US State Department, the French National Assembly and the National Democratic Institute. He served as legislative counsel in the 111th US Congress (2009-2011), organized on six US presidential campaigns, and has worked to advance democratic innovation at the European Commission and in India, Tunisia, Egypt, Uganda, Senegal, Czech Republic and Ukraine.

• Part I. The Practice of Voluntas: 1. Forebears of will; 2. Innocence and intent; 3. Cartographies of power; 4. An economy of goodwill; 5. Voluntas populi: the will of the people; Part II. The philosophy of voluntas: 6. Willpower; 7. Free will and the forum; 8. The fourfold self.

'Paulson's book has laid the groundwork for a re-evaluation of the philosophical and political ideas that we have inherited from the Roman world.' David Sedley, Laurence Professor of Ancient Philosophy, University of Cambridge

Lex Paulson is the Executive Director of the UM6P School of Collective Intelligence (Morocco) and lectures in advocacy at Sciences Po-Paris. Trained in classics and community organizing, he served as mobilization strategist for the campaigns of Barack Obama in 2008 and Emmanuel Macron in 2017. He has led projects in democratic innovation and leadership for UNICEF, the US State Department, the French National Assembly and the National Democratic Institute. He served as legislative counsel in the 111th US Congress (2009-2011), organized on six US presidential campaigns, and has worked to advance democratic innovation at the European Commission and in India, Tunisia, Egypt, Uganda, Senegal, Czech Republic and Ukraine.

• Part I. The Practice of Voluntas: 1. Forebears of will; 2. Innocence and intent; 3. Cartographies of power; 4. An economy of goodwill; 5. Voluntas populi: the will of the people; Part II. The philosophy of voluntas: 6. Willpower; 7. Free will and the forum; 8. The fourfold self.

'Paulson's book has laid the groundwork for a re-evaluation of the philosophical and political ideas that we have inherited from the Roman world.' David Sedley, Laurence Professor of Ancient Philosophy, University of Cambridge

Lex Paulson is the Executive Director of the UM6P School of Collective Intelligence (Morocco) and lectures in advocacy at Sciences Po-Paris. Trained in classics and community organizing, he served as mobilization strategist for the campaigns of Barack Obama in 2008 and Emmanuel Macron in 2017. He has led projects in democratic innovation and leadership for UNICEF, the US State Department, the French National Assembly and the National Democratic Institute. He served as legislative counsel in the 111th US Congress (2009-2011), organized on six US presidential campaigns, and has worked to advance democratic innovation at the European Commission and in India, Tunisia, Egypt, Uganda, Senegal, Czech Republic and Ukraine.

• Part I. The Practice of Voluntas: 1. Forebears of will; 2. Innocence and intent; 3. Cartographies of power; 4. An economy of goodwill; 5. Voluntas populi: the will of the people; Part II. The philosophy of voluntas: 6. Willpower; 7. Free will and the forum; 8. The fourfold self.

'Paulson's book has laid the groundwork for a re-evaluation of the philosophical and political ideas that we have inherited from the Roman world.' David Sedley, Laurence Professor of Ancient Philosophy, University of Cambridge