Karène Sanchez Summerer (Ph.Ds. Leiden 2009 and Paris EPHE 2014) is Associate Professor at Leiden University. Her research considers the interactions between European linguistic and cultural policies and the Arab communities (1860-1948) in Palestine. Recent publication: (with P. Bourmaud, eds) Missions, Powers and Arabization, Social Sciences and Missions 32, 3-4. (Brill, 2019).Inger Marie Okkenhaug (Ph.D. University of Bergen 1999) is a Professor of History at Volda University College, Norway. Her research and publications focus on the history of missions and welfare, war, refugees and relief in the Ottoman Empire and the inter-war period in the Middle East.

• Notes on ContributorsIntroductionInger Marie Okkenhaug and Karène Sanchez-SummererPart 1 Prologue1 Missions, Charity and Humanitarian Action in the Levant (19th–20th Century)Chantal VerdeilPart 2 Advocacy2 Liberated Bodies and Saved Souls: Freed African Slave Girls and Missionaries in EgyptBeth Baron3 Physical Expressions of Winning Hearts and Minds: Body Politics of the American Missionaries in “Asiatic Turkey”Nazan Maksudyan4 Spiritual Reformation and Engagement with the World: Scandinavian Mission, Humanitarianism and Armenians in the Ottoman Empire, 1905–1914Inger Marie Okkenhaug5 ‘A Strange Survival’: The Rev. W.A. Wigram on the Assyrians before and after World War IHeleen Murre-van den BergPart 3 Best Practices6 Missionary Hubris in Colonial Algeria? Founding and Governing Christian Arab Villages 1868–1930Bertrand Taithe7 Missionary Work, Secularization and Donor Dependency: Rockefeller-Near East Colleges Cooperation after World War I (1920–1939)Philippe Bourmaud8 “Machine Age Humanitarianism”: American Humanitarianism in Early 20th Century Syria and LebanonIdir Ouahes9 Scottish Presbyterian Churches and Humanitarianism in the Interwar Middle EastMichael MartenPart 4 Epilogue: Impact of the 1948 Crisis10 Confined by Conflict, Run by Relief: Arabs, Jews, and the Finnish Mission in Jerusalem, 1940–1950Seija Jalagin11 Catholic Humanitarian Assistance for Palestinian Refugees: The Franciscan Casa Nova of Jerusalem in the 1948 StormMaria Chiara RioliIndex

Karène Sanchez Summerer (Ph.Ds. Leiden 2009 and Paris EPHE 2014) is Associate Professor at Leiden University. Her research considers the interactions between European linguistic and cultural policies and the Arab communities (1860-1948) in Palestine. Recent publication: (with P. Bourmaud, eds) Missions, Powers and Arabization, Social Sciences and Missions 32, 3-4. (Brill, 2019).Inger Marie Okkenhaug (Ph.D. University of Bergen 1999) is a Professor of History at Volda University College, Norway. Her research and publications focus on the history of missions and welfare, war, refugees and relief in the Ottoman Empire and the inter-war period in the Middle East.

• Notes on ContributorsIntroductionInger Marie Okkenhaug and Karène Sanchez-SummererPart 1 Prologue1 Missions, Charity and Humanitarian Action in the Levant (19th–20th Century)Chantal VerdeilPart 2 Advocacy2 Liberated Bodies and Saved Souls: Freed African Slave Girls and Missionaries in EgyptBeth Baron3 Physical Expressions of Winning Hearts and Minds: Body Politics of the American Missionaries in “Asiatic Turkey”Nazan Maksudyan4 Spiritual Reformation and Engagement with the World: Scandinavian Mission, Humanitarianism and Armenians in the Ottoman Empire, 1905–1914Inger Marie Okkenhaug5 ‘A Strange Survival’: The Rev. W.A. Wigram on the Assyrians before and after World War IHeleen Murre-van den BergPart 3 Best Practices6 Missionary Hubris in Colonial Algeria? Founding and Governing Christian Arab Villages 1868–1930Bertrand Taithe7 Missionary Work, Secularization and Donor Dependency: Rockefeller-Near East Colleges Cooperation after World War I (1920–1939)Philippe Bourmaud8 “Machine Age Humanitarianism”: American Humanitarianism in Early 20th Century Syria and LebanonIdir Ouahes9 Scottish Presbyterian Churches and Humanitarianism in the Interwar Middle EastMichael MartenPart 4 Epilogue: Impact of the 1948 Crisis10 Confined by Conflict, Run by Relief: Arabs, Jews, and the Finnish Mission in Jerusalem, 1940–1950Seija Jalagin11 Catholic Humanitarian Assistance for Palestinian Refugees: The Franciscan Casa Nova of Jerusalem in the 1948 StormMaria Chiara RioliIndex

Karène Sanchez Summerer (Ph.Ds. Leiden 2009 and Paris EPHE 2014) is Associate Professor at Leiden University. Her research considers the interactions between European linguistic and cultural policies and the Arab communities (1860-1948) in Palestine. Recent publication: (with P. Bourmaud, eds) Missions, Powers and Arabization, Social Sciences and Missions 32, 3-4. (Brill, 2019).Inger Marie Okkenhaug (Ph.D. University of Bergen 1999) is a Professor of History at Volda University College, Norway. Her research and publications focus on the history of missions and welfare, war, refugees and relief in the Ottoman Empire and the inter-war period in the Middle East.

• Notes on ContributorsIntroductionInger Marie Okkenhaug and Karène Sanchez-SummererPart 1 Prologue1 Missions, Charity and Humanitarian Action in the Levant (19th–20th Century)Chantal VerdeilPart 2 Advocacy2 Liberated Bodies and Saved Souls: Freed African Slave Girls and Missionaries in EgyptBeth Baron3 Physical Expressions of Winning Hearts and Minds: Body Politics of the American Missionaries in “Asiatic Turkey”Nazan Maksudyan4 Spiritual Reformation and Engagement with the World: Scandinavian Mission, Humanitarianism and Armenians in the Ottoman Empire, 1905–1914Inger Marie Okkenhaug5 ‘A Strange Survival’: The Rev. W.A. Wigram on the Assyrians before and after World War IHeleen Murre-van den BergPart 3 Best Practices6 Missionary Hubris in Colonial Algeria? Founding and Governing Christian Arab Villages 1868–1930Bertrand Taithe7 Missionary Work, Secularization and Donor Dependency: Rockefeller-Near East Colleges Cooperation after World War I (1920–1939)Philippe Bourmaud8 “Machine Age Humanitarianism”: American Humanitarianism in Early 20th Century Syria and LebanonIdir Ouahes9 Scottish Presbyterian Churches and Humanitarianism in the Interwar Middle EastMichael MartenPart 4 Epilogue: Impact of the 1948 Crisis10 Confined by Conflict, Run by Relief: Arabs, Jews, and the Finnish Mission in Jerusalem, 1940–1950Seija Jalagin11 Catholic Humanitarian Assistance for Palestinian Refugees: The Franciscan Casa Nova of Jerusalem in the 1948 StormMaria Chiara RioliIndex