Alexander Gillespie is Professor of Law at the University of Waikato, New Zealand.

• I. Introduction 1. The Conversation on Sunday Afternoon 2. Utopia 3. Facts 4. Casus Belli in Practice 5. Volume Two II. The Eleventh Century 1. Introduction 2. The Struggle for Power in the First Fifty Years in Europe 3. The Muslim World in the First Half of the Eleventh Century 4. The Papacy in the First Half of the Eleventh Century 5. The Papacy in the Second Half of the Eleventh Century 6. The First Crusade 7. China 8. Conclusion III. The Twelfth Century 1. Introduction 2. Monarchy, Thrones and Territory 3. The Throne of England 4. Wars between the Papacy and Empire 5. Non-Conformist Communities in Europe 6. Wars between Christianity and Islam 7. China 8. Conclusion IV. The Thirteenth Century 1. Introduction 2. The Church 3. The Fourth Crusade 4. Non-Conforming Communities 5. Christian and Muslim Conflict 6. Frederick II 7. Following the End of the Hohenstaufen Line 8. England 9. The Mongolian Empire 10. The Three-Way Clash in the Middle East 11. Conclusion V. The Fourteenth Century 1. Introduction 2. The Contest between Empire and Papacy 3. Central and Eastern Europe 4. England and her Neighbours 5. The Wars of Islam 6. The Last Nomadic Conqueror 7. China 8. Conclusion VI. Conclusion 1. Migratory Forces 2. Monarchy 3. Politics 4. Religion