Pyong Gap Min is Professor of Sociology at Queens College and the Graduate School of the City University of New York.

• List of Illustrations and Tables Acknowledgments I. Introduction 2. Host Hostility and Middlemen's Reactions 3. Korean Communities: New York andLos Angeles 4. Korean Immigrants' Economic Segregation 5. Hostility toward Korean Merchants inBlack Neighborhoods 6. Sources of Hostility towardKorean Merchants 7. Koreans' Efforts to Improve Relations withAfrican Americans 8. Korean-African American Conflicts:Positive Effects 9. Koreans Merchants' Collective Responsesto Suppliers, Landlords,and Government Agencies IO. Collective Actions and Power in the KoreanCommunity II. Korean Businesses: Negative Effects 12. Conclusion Notes References Index

Pyong Gap Min is Professor of Sociology at Queens College and the Graduate School of the City University of New York.

• List of Illustrations and Tables Acknowledgments I. Introduction 2. Host Hostility and Middlemen's Reactions 3. Korean Communities: New York andLos Angeles 4. Korean Immigrants' Economic Segregation 5. Hostility toward Korean Merchants inBlack Neighborhoods 6. Sources of Hostility towardKorean Merchants 7. Koreans' Efforts to Improve Relations withAfrican Americans 8. Korean-African American Conflicts:Positive Effects 9. Koreans Merchants' Collective Responsesto Suppliers, Landlords,and Government Agencies IO. Collective Actions and Power in the KoreanCommunity II. Korean Businesses: Negative Effects 12. Conclusion Notes References Index

Pyong Gap Min is Professor of Sociology at Queens College and the Graduate School of the City University of New York.

• List of Illustrations and Tables Acknowledgments I. Introduction 2. Host Hostility and Middlemen's Reactions 3. Korean Communities: New York andLos Angeles 4. Korean Immigrants' Economic Segregation 5. Hostility toward Korean Merchants inBlack Neighborhoods 6. Sources of Hostility towardKorean Merchants 7. Koreans' Efforts to Improve Relations withAfrican Americans 8. Korean-African American Conflicts:Positive Effects 9. Koreans Merchants' Collective Responsesto Suppliers, Landlords,and Government Agencies IO. Collective Actions and Power in the KoreanCommunity II. Korean Businesses: Negative Effects 12. Conclusion Notes References Index