Carver Policy Governance Guide, The Policy Governance Model and the Role of the Board Member

John Carver is internationally known as the creator of the breakthrough in board leadership called the Policy Governance model and is the best-selling author of Boards ThatMake a Difference (1990, 1997, 2006). He is co-editor (with his wife, Miriam Carver) of the bimonthly periodical Board Leadership, author of over 180 articles published in nine countries, and author or co-author of six books. For over thirty years, he has worked internationally with governing boards, his principal practice being in the United States and Canada. Dr. Carver is an editorial review board member of Corporate Governance: An International Review, adjunct professor in the University of Georgia Institute for Nonprofit Organizations, and formerly adjunct professor in York University’s Schulich School of Business. Miriam Carver is a Policy Governance author and consultant. She has authored or co-authored over forty articles on the Policy Governance model and co-authored three books, including Reinventing Your Board and The Board Member’s Playbook. She has worked with the boards of nonprofit, corporate, governmental, and cooperative organizations on four continents. Ms. Carver is the co-editor of the bimonthly periodical Board Leadership and, with John Carver, trains consultants in the theory and implementation of Policy Governance in the Policy Governance Academy.

• Foreword, K. A. ALSHIBLI, A. H. REED xvKeynote Paper: Sand Deformation at the Grain Scale Quantified Through X-ray Imaging 1G. VIGGIANI, P. BÉSUELLE, S. A. HALL, J. DESRUESQuantitative Description of Grain Contacts in a Locked Sand 17J. FONSECA, C. O’SULLIVAN, M. R. COOP3D Characterization of Particle Interaction Using Synchrotron Microtomography 26K. A. ALSHIBLI, A. HASANCharacterization of the Evolving Grain-Scale Structure in a Sand Deforming under Triaxial Compression34S. A. HALL, N. LENOIR, G. VIGGIANI, P. BÉSUELLE, J. DESRUESVisualization of Strain Localization and Microstructures in Soils during Deformation Using Microfocus X-ray CT 43Y. HIGO, F. OKA, S. KIMOTO, T. SANAGAWA, M. SAWADA, T. SATO, Y. MATSUSHIMADetermination of 3D Displacement Fields between X-ray Computed Tomography Images Using 3D Cross-Correlation 52M. RAZAVI, B. MUHUNTHANCharacterization of Shear and Compaction Bands in Sandstone Using X-ray Tomography and 3D Digital Image Correlation 59E. M. CHARALAMPIDOU, S.A. HALL, S. STANCHITS, G. VIGGIANI, H. LEWISDeformation Characteristics of Tire Chips-Sand Mixture in Triaxial Compression Test by Using X-ray CT Scanning 67Y. KIKUCHI, T. HIDAKA, T. SATO, H. HAZARIKAStrain Field Measurements in Sand under Triaxial Compression Using X-ray CT Data and Digital Image Correlation 76Y. WATANABE, N. LENOIR, S. A. HALL, J. OTANILatest Developments in 3D Analysis of Geomaterials by Morpho+ 84V. CNUDDE, J. VLASSENBROECK, Y. DE WITTE, L. BRABANT, M. N. BOONE, J. DEWANCKELE, L. VAN HOOREBEKE, P. JACOBSQuantifying Particle Shape in 3D 93E. J. GARBOCZI3D Aggregate Evaluation Using Laser and X-ray Scanning 101L. WANG, C. DRUTA, Y. ZHOU, C. HARRISComputation of Aggregate Contact Points, Orientation and Segregation in Asphalt Specimens Using their X-ray CT Images 108M. KUTAYIntegration of 3D Imaging and Discrete Element Modeling for Concrete Fracture Problems 117E. N. LANDIS, J. E. BOLANDERApplication of Microfocus X-ray CT to Investigate the Frost-induced Damage Process in Cement-based Materials 124M. A. B. PROMENTILLA, T. SUGIYAMAEvaluation of the Efficiency of Self-healing in Concrete by Means of μ-CT 132K. VAN TITTELBOOM, D. VAN LOO, N. DE BELIE, P. JACOBSQuantification of Material Constitution in Concrete by X-ray CT Method 140T. TEMMYO, Y. OBARASealing Behavior of Fracture in Cementitious Material with Micro-Focus X-ray CT 148D. FUKUDA, Y. NARA, D. MORI, K. KANEKOExtraction of Effective Cement Paste Diffusivities from X-ray Microtomography Scans 156K. KRABBENHOFT, M. R. KARIMContributions of X-ray CT to the Characterization of Natural Building Stones and their Disintegration 164J. DEWANCKELE, D. VAN LOO, J. VLASSENBROECK, M. N. BOONE, V. CNUDDE, M. A. BOONE, T. DE KOCK, L. VAN HOOREBEKE, P. JACOBSCharacterization of Porous Media in Agent Transport Simulation 172L.B. HU, C. SAVIDGE, D. RIZZO, N. HAYDEN, M. DEWOOLKAR, L. MEADOR, J. W. HAGADORNTwo Less-Used Applications of Petrophysical CT-Scanning 180R. P. KEHL, S. SIDDIQUITrends in CT-Scanning of Reservoir Rocks 189S. SIDDIQUI, M. R. H. SARKER3D Microanalysis of Geological Samples with High-Resolution Computed Tomography 197G. ZACHER, J. SANTILLAN, O. BRUNKE, T. MAYERCombination of Laboratory Micro-CT and Micro-XRF on Geological Objects 205M. N. BOONE, J. DEWANCKELE, V. CNUDDE, G. SILVERSMIT, L. VAN HOOREBEKE, L. VINCZE, P. JACOBSQuantification of Physical Properties of the Transitional Phenomena in Rock from X-ray CT Image Data 213A. SATO, K. TANAKA, T. SHIOTE, K. SASADeformation in Fractured Argillaceous Rock under Seepage Flow Using X-ray CT and Digital Image Correlation 222D. TAKANO, P. BÉSUELLE, J. DESRUES, S. A. HALLExperimental Investigation of Rate Effects on Two-Phase Flow through Fractured Rocks Using X-ray Computed Tomography 230C. H. LEE, Z. T. KARPYNKeynote Paper: Micro-Petrophysical Experiments Via Tomography and Simulation 238M. KUMAR, E. LEBEDEVA, Y. MELEAN, M. MADADI, A. P. SHEPPARD, T. K. VARSLOT, A. M. KINGSTON, S. J. LATHAM, R. M. SOK, A. SAKELLARIOU, C. H. ARNS, T. J. SENDEN, M. A. KNACKSTEDTSegmentation of Low-contrast Three-phase X-ray Computed Tomography Images of Porous Media 254P. BHATTAD, C. S. WILLSON, K. E. THOMPSONX-ray Imaging of Fluid Flow in Capillary Imbibition Experiments 262C. DAVID, L. LOUIS, B. MENÉNDEZ, A. PONS, J. FORTIN, S. STANCHITS, J. M. MENGUSEvaluating the Influence of Wall-Roughness on Fracture Transmissivity with CT Scanning and Flow Simulations 270D. CRANDALL, G. BROMHAL, D. MCINTYREIn Situ Permeability Measurements inside Compaction Bands Using X-ray CT and Lattice Boltzmann Calculations 279N. LENOIR, J. E. ANDRADE, W. C. SUN, J. W. RUDNICKIEvaluation of Porosity in Geomaterials Treated with Biogrout Considering Partial Volume Effect 287Y. KOBAYASHI, S. KAWASAKI, M. KATO, T. MUKUNOKI, K. KANEKOImage-Based Pore-Scale Modeling Using the Finite Element Method 295N. LANE, K. E. THOMPSONNumerical Modeling of Complex Porous Media for Borehole Applications 304S. RYU, W. ZHAO, G. LEU, P. M. SINGER, H. J. CHO, Y. KEEHMCharacterization of Soil Erosion due to Infiltration into Capping Layers in Landfill 312T. MUKUNOKI, Y. KARASAKI, N. TANIGUCHIOn Pore Space Partitioning in Relation to Network Model Building for Fluid Flow Computation in Porous Media 320E. PLOUGONVEN, D. BERNARD, N. COMBARET3D and Geometric Information of the Pore Structure in Pressurized Clastic Sandstone 328M. TAKAHASHI, M. KATO, A. CHANGWAN, Y. URUSHIMATSU, Y. MICHIGUCHI, H. PARKEvaluation of Pressure-dependent Permeability in Rock by Means of the Tracer-aided X-ray CT 336D. FUKAHORI, K. SUGAWARAAssessment of Time-Space Evolutions of Intertidal Flat Geo-Environments Using an Industrial X-ray CT Scanner 343F. YAMADA, A. TAMAKI, Y. OBARAKeynote Paper: Neutron Imaging Methods in Geoscience 352A. KAESTNER, P. VONTOBEL, E. LEHMANNProgress Towards Neutron Tomography at the US Spallation Neutron Source 366L. G. BUTLERSynchrotron X-ray Micro-Tomography and Geological CO2 Sequestration 374P. S. NICO, J. B. AJO-FRANKLIN, S. M. BENSON, A. MCDOWELL, D. B. SILIN, L. TOMUTSA, Y. WUResidual CO2 Saturation Distributions in Rock Samples Measured by X-ray CT 381H. OKABE, Y. TSUCHIYA, C. H. PENTLAND, S. IGLAUER, M. J. BLUNTX-ray CT Imaging of Coal for Geologic Sequestration of Carbon Dioxide 389D. H. SMITH, S. A. JIKICHComparison of X-ray CT and Discrete Element Method in the Evaluation Tunnel Face Failure 397B. CHEVALIER, D. TAKANO, J. OTANIPlugging Mechanism of Open-Ended Piles 406Y. KIKUCHI, T. SATO, T. MIZUTANI, Y. MORIKAWADevelopment of a Bending Test Apparatus for Quasi-dynamical Evaluation of a Clayey Soil Using X-ray CT Image Analysis 414T. NAKANO, T. MUKUNOKI, J. OTANI, J. P. GOURCAuthor Index 423