Care Bundles in Emergency Medicine

Bilal Salman, Timothy Williamson

• Foreword vi Preface vii Abbreviations viii The universal care bundle 1 1 Trauma 3 o Head injury (GCS score <15) 4 o Concussion or minor head injury (GCS score = 15) 6 o Cervical spine injury 8 o Soft tissue neck injury (whiplash) 10 o Dislocation (overview) 11 o Shoulder dislocation 12 o Fractured pelvis 13 o Fractured neck of femur 15 o Fractured ankle 17 o Fractured scaphoid 19 o Fractured distal radius 20 o Sprain or strain 21 o Laceration 22 2 Medical emergencies 25 o ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) 26 o Acute coronary syndrome 28 o Acute heart failure or pulmonary oedema 29 o Tachycardia 30 o Bradycardia 31 o Post.cardiac arrest care 33 o Asthma 34 o Community-a cquired pneumonia 36 o Pneumothorax 37 o Deep vein thrombosis 38 o Pulmonary embolus 40 o Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 42 o Type 1 respiratory failure 44 o Type 2 respiratory failure 45 o Gastrointestinal haemorrhage (upper) 47 o Headache (general management) 49 o Seizure and status epilepticus 51 o Stroke 53 o Transient ischaemic attack 55 o Subarachnoid haemorrhage 57 o Meningitis 59 o Acute renal failure 61 o Urinary tract infection 63 o Diabetic ketoacidosis 65 o Hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar non-k etosis 66 o Hypoglycaemia 67 o Altered level of consciousness or coma 69 o Sepsis 71 o Disseminated intravascular coagulation 72 o Anaphylaxis 73 o Hypothermia 75 3 Surgical emergencies 79 o Septic joint 80 o Acute lower back pain (atraumatic) 81 o Spinal cord compression 82 o Testicular torsion 83 o Aortic dissection 84 o Limb ischaemia 85 o Appendicitis 86 o Acute pancreatitis 87 o Acute cholecystitis 89 o Renal colic 90 o Gastrointestinal haemorrhage (lower) 91 o Intestinal obstruction 92 o Acute urinary retention 93 o Shock 94 4 Women and children fs health 97 Women 98 o Ectopic pregnancy 98 o Vaginal bleeding in pregnancy 99 Children 101 o Croup 101 o Bronchiolitis 103 o Asthma: age 2.5 years 104 o Asthma: age >5 years 107 o Febrile child 110 o Apnoea 113 o Status epilepticus 114 o Pulled elbow (subluxation of the radial head) 116 5 Elderly care and bereavement 119 o Frail elderly discharge 120 o Bereavement care 121 6 Mental health emergencies 123 o Deliberate self- harm 124 o Poisoning 125 o Alcohol intoxication 127 o Alcohol withdrawal 129 o Substance misuse 131 o Panic or anxiety 132 o Acute psychosis 133 Index 135

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